The Medicago genome provides insight into the evolution of rhizobial symbioses
Nevin D. Young
(1)
,
Frederic Debellé
(2, 3)
,
Giles E. D. Oldroyd
(4)
,
Rene Geurts
(5)
,
Steven Cannon
(6, 7)
,
Michael K. Udvardi
(8)
,
Vagner A. Benedito
(9)
,
Klaus F. X. Mayer
(10)
,
Jerome Gouzy
(2, 11)
,
Heiko Schoof
(12)
,
Yves van de Peer
(13)
,
Sebastian Proost
(13)
,
Douglas R. Cook
(14)
,
Blake C. Meyers
(15)
,
Manuel Spannagl
(10)
,
Foo Cheung
(16)
,
Stéphane de Mita
(17, 5)
,
Vivek Krishnakumar
(16)
,
Heidrun Gundlach
(10)
,
Shiguo Zhou
(18)
,
Joann Mudge
(19)
,
Arvind K. Bharti
(19)
,
Jeremy D. Murray
(20, 8)
,
Marina A. Naoumkina
(8)
,
Benjamin Rosen
(14)
,
Kevin A. T. Silverstein
(1)
,
Haibao Tang
(16)
,
Stephane Rombauts
(13)
,
Patrick X. Zhao
(8)
,
Peng Zhou
(1)
,
Valérie Barbe
(21)
,
Philippe Bardou
(2, 3)
,
Mickael Bechner
(18)
,
Arnaud A. Bellec
(22)
,
Anne Berger
(21)
,
Helene H. Berges
(22)
,
Shelby Bidwell
(16)
,
Ton Bisseling
(5, 23)
,
Nathalie Choisne
(21)
,
Arnaud Couloux
(21)
,
Roxanne Denny
(1)
,
Shweta Deshpande
(24)
,
Xinbin Dai
(8)
,
Jeff J. Doyle
(25)
,
Anne-Marie Dudez
(2, 3)
,
Andrew D. Farmer
(19)
,
Stéphanie Fouteau
(21)
,
Carolien Franken
(5)
,
Chrystel Gibelin-Viala Gibelin
(2, 3)
,
John Gish
(14)
,
Steven Goldstein
(18)
,
Alvaro J. Gonzalez
(15)
,
Pamela J. Green
(15)
,
Asis Hallab
(26)
,
Marijke Hartog
(27)
,
Axin Hua
(24)
,
Sean Humphray
(28)
,
Dong-Hoon Jeong
(15)
,
Yi Jing
(24)
,
Anika Jöcker
(26)
,
Steve M. Kenton
(24)
,
Dong-Jin Kim
(14, 29)
,
Kathrin Klee
(26)
,
Hongshing Lai
(24)
,
Chunting Lang
(5)
,
Shaoping Lin
(24)
,
Simone L. Macmil
(24)
,
Ghislaine Magdelenat
(21)
,
Lucy Matthews
(28)
,
Jamison Mccorrison
(16)
,
Erin L. Monaghan
(16)
,
Jeong-Hwan Mun
(30, 31)
,
Fares Z. Najar
(24)
,
Christine Nicholson
(28)
,
Céline Noirot
(32)
,
Majesta O'Bleness
(24)
,
Charles R. Paule
(1)
,
Julie Poulain
(21)
,
Florent Prion
(2, 3)
,
Baifang Qin
(24)
,
Chunmei Qu
(24)
,
Ernest F. Retzel
(19)
,
Claire Riddle
(28)
,
Erika Sallet
(2, 3)
,
Sylvie Samain
(21)
,
Nicolas Samson
(2, 3)
,
Iryna Sanders
(24)
,
Olivier Saurat
(2, 3)
,
Claude Scarpelli
(21)
,
Thomas Schiex
(32)
,
Béatrice Ségurens
(21)
,
Andrew Severin
(7)
,
D. Janine Sherrier
(15)
,
Ruihua Shi
(24)
,
Sarah Sims
(28)
,
Susan R. Singer
(33)
,
Senjuti Sinharov
(8)
,
Lieven Sterck
(13)
,
Agnès Viollet
(21)
,
Bing-Bing Wang
(1)
,
Keqin Wang
(24)
,
Mingyi Wang
,
Xiaohong Wang
(1)
,
Jens Warfsmann
(26)
,
Jean Weissenbach
(13)
,
Doug D. White
(24)
,
Jim D. White
(24)
,
Graham B. Wiley
,
Patrick Wincker
(21)
,
Yanbo Xing
(24)
,
Limei Yang
(24)
,
Ziyun Yao
(24)
,
Fu Ying
(24)
,
Jixian Zhai
(15)
,
Liping Zhou
(24)
,
Antoine Zuber
(2, 3)
,
Jean Denarié
(2, 3)
,
Richard A. Dixon
(8)
,
Gregory D. Mary
(19)
,
David C. Schwartz
,
Jane Rogers
,
Francis Quétier
(21)
,
Christopher D. Town
(16)
,
Bruce A. Roe
(24)
1
UMN -
University of Minnesota [Twin Cities]
2 Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes
3 LIPM - Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes
4 Department of Disease and Stress Biology
5 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Science
6 Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit
7 Department of Agronomy
8 Plant Biology Division
9 West Virginia University
10 HMGU - Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health
11 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
12 Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
13 PSB Center - Center for Plant Systems Biology
14 Department plant pathology
15 University of Delaware [Newark]
16 JCVI - J. Craig Venter Institute [La Jolla, USA]
17 IAM - Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes
18 Laboratory for Molecular and Computational Genomics
19 NCGR - National center for genome resources
20 John Innes Centre [Norwich]
21 *
22 CNRGV - Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales
23 College of Science [Swansea]
24 OU - University of Oklahoma
25 Department of Plant Biology
26 MPIPZ - Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
27 WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]
28 Wellcome Trust
29 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
30 Department of Plant Pathology
31 Rural Development Administration
32 UBIA - Unité de Biométrie et Intelligence Artificielle (ancêtre de MIAT)
33 Carleton College
2 Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes
3 LIPM - Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes
4 Department of Disease and Stress Biology
5 Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Plant Science
6 Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit
7 Department of Agronomy
8 Plant Biology Division
9 West Virginia University
10 HMGU - Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmental Health
11 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
12 Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
13 PSB Center - Center for Plant Systems Biology
14 Department plant pathology
15 University of Delaware [Newark]
16 JCVI - J. Craig Venter Institute [La Jolla, USA]
17 IAM - Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes
18 Laboratory for Molecular and Computational Genomics
19 NCGR - National center for genome resources
20 John Innes Centre [Norwich]
21 *
22 CNRGV - Centre National de Ressources Génomiques Végétales
23 College of Science [Swansea]
24 OU - University of Oklahoma
25 Department of Plant Biology
26 MPIPZ - Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
27 WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]
28 Wellcome Trust
29 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
30 Department of Plant Pathology
31 Rural Development Administration
32 UBIA - Unité de Biométrie et Intelligence Artificielle (ancêtre de MIAT)
33 Carleton College
Frederic Debellé
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1207191
Jerome Gouzy
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 21702
- IdHAL : jerome-gouzy
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5695-4557
- IdRef : 253127092
Yves van de Peer
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0003-4327-3730
- IdRef : 277522080
Sebastian Proost
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 784270
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6792-9442
Stéphane de Mita
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1085379
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2752-865X
Benjamin Rosen
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 801139
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9395-8346
Haibao Tang
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 775056
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3460-8570
Valérie Barbe
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1187196
- IdHAL : valerie-barbe
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8162-3343
Philippe Bardou
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 737785
- IdHAL : philippe-bardou
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0004-0251
Arnaud A. Bellec
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1204910
- IdHAL : bellec-arnaud
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7608-9537
Helene H. Berges
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-5492-1062
Stéphanie Fouteau
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1325774
- IdHAL : stephanie-fouteau
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4720-4951
Julie Poulain
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 756903
- IdHAL : julie-poulain
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8744-3116
- IdRef : 061407232
Erika Sallet
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1206052
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4637-473X
Thomas Schiex
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 734846
- IdHAL : thomas-schiex
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6049-3415
- IdRef : 057033935
Lieven Sterck
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 770099
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7116-4000
Mingyi Wang
- Fonction : Auteur
Graham B. Wiley
- Fonction : Auteur
Patrick Wincker
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 757160
- IdHAL : patrick-wincker
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7562-3454
David C. Schwartz
- Fonction : Auteur
Jane Rogers
- Fonction : Auteur
Résumé
Legumes (Fabaceae or Leguminosae) are unique among cultivated plants for their ability to carry out endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation with rhizobial bacteria, a process that takes place in a specialized structure known as the nodule. Legumes belong to one of the two main groups of eurosids, the Fabidae, which includes most species capable of endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation1. Legumes comprise several evolutionary lineages derived from a common ancestor 60 million years ago (Myr ago). Papilionoids are the largest clade, dating nearly to the origin of legumes and containing most cultivated species2. Medicago truncatula is a long-established model for the study of legume biology. Here we describe the draft sequence of the M. truncatula euchromatin based on a recently completed BAC assembly supplemented with Illumina shotgun sequence, together capturing ~94% of all M. truncatula genes. A whole-genome duplication (WGD) approximately 58 Myr ago had a major role in shaping the M. truncatula genome and thereby contributed to the evolution of endosymbiotic nitrogen fixation. Subsequent to the WGD, the M. truncatula genome experienced higher levels of rearrangement than two other sequenced legumes, Glycine max and Lotus japonicus. M. truncatula is a close relative of alfalfa (Medicago sativa), a widely cultivated crop with limited genomics tools and complex autotetraploid genetics. As such, the M. truncatula genome sequence provides significant opportunities to expand alfalfa’s genomic toolbox.