To determine the best combination of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for genotype discrimination, 58 olive accessions were analysed by 12 SSR loci using the sequencer. Based on 54 alleles, 58 genotypes were characterised. A set of 8 SSR loci was selected as the most efficient combination with a very low probability to obtain a given genotype under random association (ranged from 1.16 10-10 to 6.56 10-6). Only 17 molecular profile pairs among 1653 pairwise comparisons were distinguished by 1 to 6 alleles. Five cases of homonymy were detected for cultivars Germaine, Noirette and Rougette de Pignan. Further, SSR loci should be added to validate genotype characterisation.