Rhizoctonia cerealis, causal agent of sharp-eyespot of cereals is more often observed in wheat crops. Its recent extension is linked to actions taken for controlling eyespot (Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides). The symptoms of sharp-eyespot may be present at every growth stage of the plants and the aim of this study was to appreciate their incidence on the growth and on the yield components of a wheat crop. By artificial infestation of soils at sowing, we obtained a good development of the disease in the field, at early growth stages of the plant (figs 1, 2). Through 4 years of experimentation, it has been shown that early attacks led to death of young plants (table I) and tillers of firth sheath (table II). The highest frequency of attacked plants was observed from mid tillering to the beginning of stem extension; however, the growth and the development of plants seemed to be unaffected (table III). During stem extension, the progress of the fungus from the last sheath to the stem did not occur as systematically as for the eyespot fungus (fig 3). Moreover, the effect of sharp-eyespot on the last yield components has been shown only one year (table IV). Among the 3 wheat varieties tested, Arminda appeared to be the least susceptible to sharp-eyespot, compared to Talent or Roazon (fig 1, table VIa). Even though, these results showed that yield losses due to sharp-eyespot were not so important, potential risks for the future are discussed due to the fact that controlling eyespot increases the parasitical activity of R cerealis.