Root rot of pea: characterization and biocontrol of the soil-borne disease complex including Aphanomyces euteiches
Résumé
Pea root rot is an increasing constraint in most of intensive pea cropping areas across the globe. The pathogenic complex responsible for the disease is composed of soil-borne fungal and oomycete pathogens such as Fusarium solani, F.oxysporum, F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola, Ascochyta pinodella, Pythium spp., Aphanomyces euteiches and probably others not yet identified. The diversity of their ecological and pathogenic properties can explain the worldwide dispersion of the disease and the absence of chemical, agricultural or genetic control tools. My research program aims at characterizing the parasitic consortium occurring in the North of France and at proposing biocontrol strategies. First, a field sampling strategy is being determined to measure Inoculum Potential and assess A. euteiches risk. In addition, a comparative analysis of the fungal and oomycete diversity from roots and rhizospheres of symptomatic and asymptomatic plants of infested fields is carried out. This analysis consists in a combination of microbiological isolations and molecular methods (Metabarcoding) to characterize the microbial complex responsible for the disease and identify putative biocontrol taxa. Promising candidates and commercial products with a biocontrol activity against oomycetes and fungi which could be part of the microbial complex will be tested in vitro, in greenhouse, and in field.