Soil microbial communities play a major role in agricultural functions and are an efficient indicator to evaluate the impacts of agricultural practices on soils. Studies on wide scales ranging from landscape to countries demonstrated that soil microbial communities were heterogeneously distributed in space under the dependence of soil properties (e.g. pH, soil texture, Organic matter Content) and agricultural practices. However, temporal dynamics of soil microbial communities at a landscape scale still need to be documented in order to go further in evaluating the sustainability of agricultural practices. In this extensive monitoring study, we focused on landscape dynamics of soil bacterial communities in an agricultural landscape (13km2, Burgundy, France). Soil bacterial communities were characterized by means of high-throughput sequencing in 2011 and 2016 together with soil properties and land management for their abundance, diversity and composition. Soil microbial biomass, bacterial richness, evenness, Shannon index and bacterial community structure exhibited spatial patterns at the landscape scale either in 2011 or in 2016. Nevertheless, over this period, only bacterial evenness, Shannon index and bacterial community structure changed significantly together with their spatial patterns. These changes were mainly related to changes in land management and more slightly to changes in soil properties, which experimented small variations over this period. Altogether, these results are a first step toward the operational use of soil microbial communities in the management of farmlands at a landscape scale and will be reinforced by introducing climatic data in the analysis. Results of this study may be used in order to create a Decision Support Instrument (DSI) for stakeholders in the agricultural communities to help choosing practices that improve soil quality.