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Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 2017

Bluetongue virus: from BTV-1 to BTV-27

Guillaume Belbis
Stéphan Zientara
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Emmanuel Breard
Grégory Caignard
Damien Vitour
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Houssam Attoui

Résumé

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the type species of genus Orbivirus within family Reoviridae. Bluetongue virus is transmitted between its ruminant hosts by the bite of Culicoides spp. midges. Severe BT cases are characterized by symptoms including hemorrhagic fever, particularly in sheep, loss of productivity, and death. To date, 27 BTV serotypes have been documented. These include novel isolates of atypical BTV, which have been almost fully characterized using deep sequencing technologies and do not rely on Culicoides vectors for their transmission among hosts. Due to its high economic impact, BT is an Office International des Epizooties (OIE) listed disease that is strictly controlled in international commercial exchanges. During the 20th century, BTV has been endemic in subtropical regions. In the last 15 years, novel strains of nine "typical" BTV serotypes (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 14, and 16) invaded Europe, some of which caused disease in naive sheep and unexpectedly in bovine herds (particularly serotype 8). Over the past few years, three novel "atypical" serotypes (25-27) were characterized during sequencing studies of animal samples from Switzerland, Kuwait, and France, respectively. Classical serotype-specific inactivated vaccines, although expensive, were very successful in controlling outbreaks as shown with the northern European BTV-8 outbreak which started in the summer of 2006. Technological jumps in deep sequencing methodologies made rapid full characterizations of BTV genome from isolates/tissues feasible. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches are powerful tools to study the variability of BTV genomes on a fine scale. This paper provides information on how NGS impacted our knowledge of the BTV genome.
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Dates et versions

hal-02791249 , version 1 (05-06-2020)

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Guillaume Belbis, Stéphan Zientara, Emmanuel Breard, Corinne Sailleau, Grégory Caignard, et al.. Bluetongue virus: from BTV-1 to BTV-27. In Loeffler's footsteps – Viral genomics in the era of high-throughput sequencing, 99, Academic Press - Elsevier, 257 p., 2017, Advances in Virus Research, 978-0-12-812598-4 9780128125984. ⟨10.1016/bs.aivir.2017.08.003⟩. ⟨hal-02791249⟩
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