Wheat yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (Pst), is an important disease in France and in Europe. Ten years ago, in 2013, the PstS10 genetic group (Warrior (-)) was detected in France for the first time and became in a short time the dominant genetic group in this area. Its emergence has been associated with the breakdown of different resistant cultivars. In this work, we propose a summary of main evolutions observed in the past decade considering different datasets. We first illustrate the evolution of Pst population (based on 1626 pathotyped samples), with 4 variants of PstS10 detected in France since 2013 and the evolution of their frequencies. We then analyse the behaviour of French cultivars exposed to Pst at seedling stage under controlled conditions (340 cultivars) and at adult stage in the field (355 cultivars). We first analyse datasets individually, illustrating major tendencies. We then show how combining these different datasets can provide information on possible sources of resistances and their durability. For example, comparing seedling and field behaviour could help detecting adult resistance. Associations between variations in variant frequencies and variations of cultivar resistance level in the field could suggest the presence of specific resistances that could be further investigated. Finally, we expose key perspectives of further investigations aiming at improving the resistance of French cultivars towards recent populations of Pst.