Europe is facing important challenges, including Global Warming or Climate Change. Agricultural, forest and aquatic production systems (sea and coastal zone systems included) play an important role in both the cause as well as the solution of this problem. They can be responsible for emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) and can help to decrease CO2 concentrations, either by directly reducing GHG emissions in production processes, or indirectly by producing biomass that can replace fossil fuel applications in heating, electricity production or transportation. Elaborating and implementing solutions for Climate Change could be an opportunity for rural land users, provided that research and extensions can help them to realise their potentials. The problem is not calling for a revolutionary shift nor for one-way solutions, but, in stead, for a mosaic of good practices and ideas.