Climate change has a profound impact on the water cycle, causing gradual and sometimes marked changes in hydrosystems and natural hydrological processes. Societies and stakeholders are striving to adapt so as to manage and control their interactions with water. Current scenarios indicate, however, an acceleration in global climate change processes, yet with high local variability. In this chapter we present a selection of climate change related research studies focused on three major issues in the field of water resource management: characterizing change patterns, adapting to change via technological innovations and adapting governance to cope with change. These studies were carried out in partnership primarily with institutions in developing countries, with the full participation of local stakeholders in defining and running the projects and disseminating the results.