Presentation of the three scenarios for the evolution of production methods in viticulture, built and evaluated within the framework of the PhytoCOTE project, in response to the phytosanitary pressure exerted in viticulture and to the effects of contamination and impacts on related ecosystems. The two scenarios in agroecological mode (Organic and traditional) prove to be the most efficient compared to the Conventional max scenario and all the systems studied. Agroecology represents a way forward for better production, protecting ecosystems and humans and ensuring better economic profitability for winegrowers.