A catalog of the mouse gut metagenome
Liang Xiao
(1)
,
Qiang Feng
(1, 2)
,
Suisha Liang
(1)
,
Si Brask Sonne
(2)
,
Zhongkui Xia
(1)
,
Xinmin Qiu
(1)
,
Xiaoping Li
(1)
,
Hua Long
(3)
,
Jianfeng Zhang
(1)
,
Dongya Zhang
(1)
,
Chuan Liu
(1)
,
Zhiwei Fang
(1)
,
Joyce Chou
(3)
,
Jacob Glanville
(3)
,
Qin Hao
(2)
,
Dorota Kotowska
(2)
,
Camilla Colding
(2)
,
Tine Rask Licht
(4)
,
Donghai Wu
(5)
,
Jun Yu
(6)
,
Joseph Jao Yiu Sung
(6)
,
Qiaoyi Liang
(6)
,
Junhua Li
(7)
,
Huijue Jia
(7)
,
Zhou Lan
(7)
,
Valentina Tremaroli
(8)
,
Piotr Dworzynski
(9)
,
H. Bjorn Nielsen
(9)
,
Fredrik Bäckhed
(10, 8)
,
Joël Doré
(11, 12)
,
Emmanuelle E. Le Chatelier
(12)
,
Stanislav S. Ehrlich
(12, 13)
,
John C. Lin
(3)
,
Manimozhiyan Arumugam
(1, 10)
,
Jun Wang
(1, 14, 15, 2)
,
Lise Madsen
(1, 16, 2)
,
Karsten Kristiansen
(1, 2)
1
BGI -
Beijing Genomics Institute [Shenzhen]
2 Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology
3 Pfizer Inc
4 National Food Institute
5 CAS - Chinese Academy of Sciences
6 CUHK - The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong]
7 Beijing Genom Inst BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
8 GU - Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg
9 Department of Systems Biology
10 CBMR - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
11 MICALIS - MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé
12 MetaGenoPolis
13 Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Dental Institute Central Office, Guy’s Hospital
14 MUST - Macau University of Science and Technology
15 Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in the Research of Hereditary Disorders
16 NIFES - National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research
2 Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology
3 Pfizer Inc
4 National Food Institute
5 CAS - Chinese Academy of Sciences
6 CUHK - The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong]
7 Beijing Genom Inst BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China
8 GU - Göteborgs Universitet = University of Gothenburg
9 Department of Systems Biology
10 CBMR - Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
11 MICALIS - MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé
12 MetaGenoPolis
13 Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Dental Institute Central Office, Guy’s Hospital
14 MUST - Macau University of Science and Technology
15 Princess Al Jawhara Albrahim Center of Excellence in the Research of Hereditary Disorders
16 NIFES - National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research
Junhua Li
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 770145
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6784-1873
Huijue Jia
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 774897
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3592-126X
Emmanuelle E. Le Chatelier
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 737756
- IdHAL : emmanuelle-le-chatelier
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2724-0536
Manimozhiyan Arumugam
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 770023
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0886-9101
Lise Madsen
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- Function : Correspondent author
- PersonId : 960805
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Karsten Kristiansen
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- Function : Correspondent author
- PersonId : 960804
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Abstract
We established a catalog of the mouse gut metagenome comprising similar to 2.6 million nonredundant genes by sequencing DNA from fecal samples of 184 mice. To secure high microbiome diversity, we used mouse strains of diverse genetic backgrounds, from different providers, kept in different housing laboratories and fed either a low-fat or high-fat diet. Similar to the human gut microbiome, >99% of the cataloged genes are bacterial. We identified 541 metagenomic species and defined a core set of 26 metagenomic species found in 95% of the mice. The mouse gut microbiome is functionally similar to its human counterpart, with 95.2% of its Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthologous groups in common. However, only 4.0% of the mouse gut microbial genes were shared (95% identity, 90% coverage) with those of the human gut microbiome. This catalog provides a useful reference for future studies.