In 1999 and 2006, two viral diseases emerged massively and unexpectedly in the United States (West Nile disease) and northern Europe (bluetongue disease). Control of infectious diseases transmitted by insect vectors is based on a variety of approaches (including sanitary measures), but primarily on vaccination. Vaccination is more efficient and less expensive than monitoring of insect vectors. The dynamics and epidemiology of two arboviral diseases (West Nile and bluetongue) are described, together with the different vaccines and vaccination methods.