Two Populus deltoïdes clones (P.deltoïdes Bartr.cl.'55/65'and P.deltoïdes Bartr. cl.'2KEN8') with high resistance to Anoplophora glabripennis (Resistant rate are 96.16 %,97.37 %, respectively) were used as parents and crossed by artificial controlled pollination, 37 among of which F1 progenies were planted in Shuyang, Jiangsu province and tested for insect resistance with the borer Apriona germari Hope. Under artificial inoculation and natural infestation with Apriona germari Hope, significant variations of oviposition and larval development were observed between progenies. Both artificial inoculation and natural infestation alow the characterization of plant resistance to insect, although insect behavioral responses sometimes differ between free choice (natural infestation) and no choice experiment (inoculation).