Nomenclature of the species of the Leporinus maculatus -group and related forms from the Guianas (Pisces, Characoidei, Anostomidae). — The Anostomid Characoid Fish Leporinus maculatus Müller & Troschel is shown to be a senior synonym of Leporinus pellegrini paralternus (Fowler). The species called by modern authors L. maculatus should take the name Leporinus megalepis Günther. A lectotype is selected for L. megalepis. A key to the so-called maculatus-group and close species from the Guianas is given.