Cucurbits are widely grown in different provinces of Turkey. However their production is restricted by plant viruses. ZYMV is one of the most economically important viruses of cucurbit crops worldwide, including in Turkey. Several strains have been defined based on their biological, serological and molecular variability –particularly in the coat protein (CP) coding region. One molecular cluster (A1) appears highly prevalent worldwide, but other clusters (A4, A5) have been observed recently in several European and Mediterranean countries, probably in relation to recent introductions. However the situation in Turkey remains unknown. The aim of this research was thus to characterize the molecular variability of ZYMV in Turkey and look for the presence of emerging strains.