The ecological restoration of Ni lateritic mines requires specific attention in order to address the following challenges: i) to identify the geochemically adapted endemic and native flora, ii) to construct Technosols with sufficient physical, chemical and biological fertility from mine wastes, iii) to re-integrate local and adapted flora in newly created soil covers, and iv) to prevent from the dissemination of toxic metals to adjacent environments. The acquired experience in different countries (Brazil, New Caledonia) provide examples that allows to draw the outline of a specific methodology to be used worldwide. Careful attention has to be given in restoration processes to the geochemical requirements of the flora (adapted to saprolite or to limonite) before planting Technosols. Vegetating mine spoils will avoid substantial leaching of toxic metals (e.g. Cr and Ni). Also, classical fertilization strategies that are usually applied to mine spoils during revegetation can prove to be risky in terms of metal leaching from soils. Finally, the careful management of Topsoils is also a key to the restoration success because they can bring the required fertility to Technosols built from saprolite and limonite materials.