Two divergent lines wereselected in the Large White breed for residual feed intake (RFI), defined as the difference between observed feed intake and feed intake predicted from maintenance and growth requirements, to evaluate its potential for improving feed efficiency in growing pigs. During selection, pigs were offered a non‐limiting diet. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of a limiting lysine supply on growth and body composition performances in the seventh generation of the two lines. In each line, 70 barrows, housed in pens of 11 to 12 pigs, were tested between 25.5 ±3.6 kg and 94.6 ±15.8 kg in three successive batches (one pen per line x diet combination per batch). One of two diets was offered ad libitum to the pigs: a deficient diet regularly adjusted to meet the lysine requirement of only 25% of the RFI+ (high RFI) pigs, and a control diet formulated to meet the requirement for all pigs in the two lines. Requirement estimates were obtained from InraPorc®. Daily feed intake was recorded individually using automatic feeders. Body weight and backfat thickness were measured at beginning and end of the experiment. The lysine deficiency resulted in a decrease in ADG which was significantly greater in RFI‐ (low RFI) pigs (‐32%) than in RFI+ pigs (‐11%), confirming InraPorc® estimations: the lysine requirement of RFI‐ pigs, expressed in g/kg of diet, is then higher than that of RFI+ pigs. Therefore, the higher RFI of RFI+ pigs is not necessarily driven by an increased lysine requirement.