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Suivi des services écosystémiques dans un observatoire de caféiers agroforestiers. Applications pour la filière du café

Olivier Roupsard 1 Clementine Allinne 2 Karel van den Meersche 1 Philippe Vaast 1 Bruno Rapidel 2 Jacques Avelino 3 Christophe Jourdan 1 Guerric Le Maire 1 Jean-Marc Bonnefond 4 Jean-Michel Harmand 1 Jean Dauzat 5 Alain Albrecht 1 Tiphaine Chevallier 1 Bernard Barthès 1 Anne Clément-Vidal 6 Federico Gomez Delgado 1 Fabien Charbonnier 1 Laura Benegas 7 Kristen Welsh 8 Rintaro Kinoshita 9 Rémi Vezy 5 Junior Pastor Pérez-Molina 7 Simon Taugourdeau 10 Elsa Defrenet 11 Jérome Nespoulous 5 Florian Rançon 12 Florian Guidat Aurelie Cambou 1 Maxime Soma 13 Carolin Mages 14 Florian Schnabel 7 Ivan Prieto 15 Delphine Picart 16 Maxime Duthoit 1 Alain Rocheteau 1 Frédéric C. Do 1 Elias de Melo Virginio Filho 7 Rachida Moussa 12 Yves Le Bissonnais 17 Christian Valentin 18 Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo 19 Catherine Roumet 20 Alexia Stokes 5 Lee A. Vierling 8 Jan U.H. Eitel 8 Erwin Dreyer 21 Laurent Saint-André 22 Anders Malmer 23 Denis Loustau 4 Marney E. Isaac 24 Adam R. Martin 24 Anders Prieme 14 Bo Elberling 14 Mikael Madsen 14 Alfonso Robelo 25 Diego Robelo 25 Carlos Borgonovo 25 Peter Lehner 25 Guillermo Ramírez 25 Manuel Jara 25 R. Acuna Vargas 25 Alejandra Barquero 25 Carlos Fonseca 26 Frédéric Gay 1
1 UMR Eco&Sols - Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes
2 UMR SYSTEM - Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens
3 UPR Bioagresseurs - Bioagresseurs, analyse et maîtrise du risque
4 UMR ISPA - Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère
5 UMR AMAP - Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations
6 UMR AGAP - Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales
7 CATIE - Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Enseñanza
8 University of Idaho [Moscow, USA]
9 Cornell University [New York]
10 UMR SELMET - Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux
11 Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement
12 Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier
13 EMMAH - Environnement Méditerranéen et Modélisation des Agro-Hydrosystèmes
14 KU - University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet
15 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
16 UMR SAVE - Santé et agroécologie du vignoble
17 UMR LISAH - Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème
18 Direction des Ressources Humaines et du Développement Durable
19 UCR - Universidad de Costa Rica
20 IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
21 SILVA - SILVA
22 BEF - Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers
23 SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
24 University of Toronto
25 Cafetalera Aquiares
26 ICAFE - Instituto del café de Costa Rica
Abstract : Eight years of studying coffee ecophysiology and monitoring ecosystem services (ES) in a large coffee farm in Costa Rica revealed several practical recommendations for farmers and policy makers. The cropping system studied within our collaborative observatory (Coffee-Flux) corresponds to a coffee-based agroforestry system (AFS) under the shade of large trees of Erythrina poeppigiana (16 % of canopy cover). A lot of ES and disservices depend on local soil properties (here Andisols), especially erosion/infiltration, water/carbon and nutrient storage capacity. Therefore, for ES assessment, the type of soil is crucial. An adequate density of shade trees (rather low here) reduced the severity of leaf diseases with the prospect of reducing pesticide-fungicide use. A simple inventory of the basal area at collar of the coffee plants allowed estimating the belowground biomass and the average age of the plantation, to judge of its market value and to decide when to replace it. Coffee farms are probably much closer to C neutrality than predicted by the current C-Neutral protocol, which only considers shade trees. More comprehensive assessments, including trees, coffee, litter, soil, and roots in the C balance of the AFS are proposed. Shade trees offer many ES if they are adequately managed in the local context. As compared to full sun conditions, shade trees may (i) reduce laminar erosion by a factor of 2, (ii) increase N2 fixation and the % of N recycled into the system, thus reducing fertilizer requirements, (iii) reduce the severity of leaf diseases, (iv) increase C sequestration, (v) improve the microclimate, and (vi) substantially reduce the effects of climate change. In our case study, no negative effect on coffee yield was found.
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  • PRODINRA : 490842

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INRAE | UNIV-AVIGNON | INRA | UNIV-LORRAINE | AGROPOLIS | CIRAD | IRD | AGROPARISTECH | UNIV-MONTPELLIER | CNRS | MONTPELLIER-SUPAGRO | SILVA | B3ESTE | AMAP | INRAEOCCITANIEMONTPELLIER | IMS-GPU-ENVIRONNEMENTS | A2F-UL | SELMET | AGAP | EMMAH

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Olivier Roupsard, Clementine Allinne, Karel van den Meersche, Philippe Vaast, Bruno Rapidel, et al.. Suivi des services écosystémiques dans un observatoire de caféiers agroforestiers. Applications pour la filière du café. Agroforesterie et services écosystémiques en zone tropicale : Recherche de compromis entre services d'approvisionnement et autres services, Editions Quae, 254 p., 2019, Update Sciences and Technologies, 978-2-7592-3059-4. ⟨hal-02789592⟩

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