The invention relates to a process for treating a solid surface in which a composition, referred to as a treatment composition, is applied to this surface, said treatment composition comprising at least one ester, referred to as an odd acid ester, of a carboxylic acid, of general formula (I): R1CO-O-R2 (I), characterized in that the treatment composition is a microemulsion comprising at least one compound, referred to as a multifunctional cosurfactant, of general formula (II): R6-CHOH-CHR7-NR8R9 (II), and water.