The concern to manage the nature asserts itself more and more sharply in France through the development of a series of public interventions affecting the rural territories. The implementation of the Habitats directive (HD), focused on the conservation of the biodiversity throughout European Union, points out a strong time of this evolution because of the deep controveries which it aroused in France. More recently, the Orientations régionales de gestion de la faune sauvage et des habitats (ORGFH) adopted within the framework of a law on the hunting take place in this "new imperative" of territorial management in a goal of durable development. If the hunting is so coalled to contribute to the conservation of the biodiversity, the other activities are it also. But unlike the Habitats Directive, the ORGFH do not limit themselves to the "remarkable" spaces: they also concern the territories of the "ordinary" nature. The adopted procedure wants little prescriptive. It so endeavours to take into account the difficulties met with the DH. Through the example of the ORGFH and by learning on the experiences of the works driven on the DH, our communication based on detailed observation of processes involving the local actors in the dialogue, will attempt to analyse its successes and its failures, its modalities and its objects of implementation. The construction of the dialogue about nature has, indeed, nothing easy because of the existence of historic conflicts, different forms of legitimization of the uses of the space ans constroversies on scientific knowledges.