Impaired oral conditions are described as influencing food intake behaviour and contributing to poor nutritional status in elderly persons. In order to evaluate the influence of age and oral factors on food choice among independently living elderly, we investigated food selectivity and oral health status in elders (aged over 65 years) and in younger people (aged between 35 and 64 years). Food selective behaviour was appraised by using a food selectivity questionnaire based on traditional French dishes. A stepwise binary logistic regression analysis was done to sequentially identify age and oral conditions associated with oral discomfort-related food avoidance. Occlusal status and oral health-related quality of life contributed to food choice. Risk of oral discomfort-related food avoidance was significantly increased in people with fewer than seven occlusal functional units (OFUs) and with Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index summary scores (GOHAI-ADD) indicating poor and average oral health-related quality of life (P < .05). Age was never a significant factor of food selective behaviour. The present data support the impact of occlusal status and oral health-related quality of life on food behaviour. Specific attention should be given in maintaining or restoring good oral conditions throughout the lifespan, especially occluding teeth.