Although croplands are affected by climate change and contribute to it, their carbon budgets remain little known because of the lack of tools allowing estimating it at a fine resolution. In this study a modeling approach is proposed, assimilating high spatial and temporal resolution (HSTR) remote sensing optical products in a semi-physical crop model called SAFY-CO 2 to estimate crop production and the components of the carbon budget. The model correctly reproduces the green area index (GAI) (R 2 = 0.98, rRMSE = 8%), the biomass (R 2 = 0.95, rRMSE = 16%) and the components of the carbon budget (GPP: R 2 = 0.90; RMSE = 1.61gC.m -2 .d -1 ; R eco : R 2 = 0.87; RMSE = 0.81 gC.m -2 .d -1 gC.m -2 .d -1 ; NEE: R 2 = 0.86; RMSE = 0.85 gC.m -2 .d -1 ). This approach requires a few input parameters and no information about management practices which makes it suitable for large scale application and monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) approaches.