One of the main factors preventing food production in urban and peri-urban areas is territorial opposition between different land uses. The aim of this article is to address the question of conflicts close to large urban centres, taking the example of the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR), a representative urban area, which includes both food issues of the cities: the still important presence of subsistence agriculture that serves to feed the local people and the development of much-gentrified urban agriculture. Our study is based on expert interviews, an analysis of the regional daily press and a study of local information sites and blogs. First, we briefly depict peri-urban agriculture and its main characteristics, and we stress the importance of land-use occupation faced with competing uses. Then, we present our method of analysis and the main agricultural characteristics of the SPMR. The third part is devoted to a study of the local conflicts, their location, their link to agriculture and the consumption of agricultural soils and the typology of the opponents and supporters of this activity. Finally, we conclude with some lessons on the place of peri-urban agriculture drawn from this experiment.