Evidence of the very early effects of water deficit on cell division and expansion processes in tomato ovaries
Preuve des effets très précoces du déficit hydrique sur les processus de division et d'expansion cellulaires dans les ovaires de tomate
Abstract
Water deficit (WD) is known to reduce the final mass of tomato fruit. Despite the recorded positive
relationship between final fruit mass and cell number, the latter being determined in the pre-anthesis
period of ovary development, very few studies have investigated the effects of WD on ovary growth
before anthesis. In this study, cell division and expansion in tomato ovaries (cv. H1311) were studied
under two irrigation regimes: a control regime that maintained soil water content at field capacity and
a WD regime with a 50% reduction in water supply compared to the control. The ovaries were
sampled at 6 and 2 days before anthesis, at anthesis, at 2 and 5 days after anthesis, and at breaker
stage. Effects of WD were already significant in the pre-anthesis period and the mesophyll layers
contributed 96% of the final loss of fruit mass under WD. Overall, the results suggest that cell
expansion was the predominant contributor to the loss of fruit mass, although cell number decreased at
fruit scale. This was due to the relative contributions of the different layers to fruit cell number and
mean cell volume, and to the specific patterns of development and response to WD occurring in each
layer. This study provides important information on the regulation of fruit growth processes under WD
and will help better predict the impact of it on fruit yield.
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