Effects of azithromycin and doxycycline on the vaginal microbiota of women with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a substudy of the Chlazidoxy randomized controlled trial

Jeanne Tamarelle; Benjamin Penaud; Benjamin Tyssandier; Erwan Guichoux; Bertille de Barbeyrac; Olivia Peuchant; Dounia Baita; Catherine Ouziel-Duretz; Béatrice Poudens; Raquel Brun; Sophie Jouvert; Aurore Tesson; Jennifer Carrière; Marie Diaz; Camille Forget; Isabelle Le Hen; France Ahano-Ducourneau; Delphine Ha Van; Pauline Robert; Fabienne Brun; Estelle Lhospital; Julie Bardou; Annaïg Guegan; Sandy Ramloll Moura; Céline Leriche; Alix de Cussy; Marlène Malfait; Charlotte Rychen; Pervenche Martinet; Audrey Kugeler; Lisa Barriere; Laura Gutierrez; Jean-Luc Robert; Julie Saule; Viviana Bergamaschi; Sana Ben Soltana; Dominique Aymar-Moulene; Claire Bernier; Anne-Sophie Lecompte; Antoine Gregoire; Thomas Girard; Marie-Astrid Naccache; Philippe Lefebvre; Pauline Crombe; Christine Bulot; Anne-Laure Rolland; Katy Dernivoix; Camille Trouillet; Nathalie Trignol-Viguier; Elisabeth Blin-Zbiegiel; Mélanie Boissinot; Bruno Joly; Anne Dubreuil; Camille Mathieu; David Pragout; Cécile Bébéar; Anne Grob; Sophie Zaffreya; Erwan Le Naour; Anne Sophie Gibaud; Philippe Lanotte; Anne Vachée; Julien Loubinoux; Arabella Touati; Carla Balcon; Caroline Roussillon; Bellabes Ghezzoul; Frédéric Perry; Christelle Turuban; Sabine Rapin; Christine Pastor; Morane Cavellec; Ernesto Paredes Manvri; Sonia Albane; Katy Dernivoix; Camille Trouillet; Eva Ghiringhelli; Karen Pantin; Marion Kret; Edouard Lhomme; Damien Garreau; Jérôme Galet

doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2023.04.020

Journal Articles Clinical Microbiology and Infection Year : 2023

Effects of azithromycin and doxycycline on the vaginal microbiota of women with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a substudy of the Chlazidoxy randomized controlled trial

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Jeanne Tamarelle

Function : Author

Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne

Benjamin Penaud

Function : Author
PersonId : 1171031
ORCID : 0000-0001-8881-9253

Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés

Benjamin Tyssandier

Function : Author

Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés

Erwan Guichoux

Function : Author
PersonId : 1204902
IdHAL : erwanguichoux
ORCID : 0000-0002-3686-8800

Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés

Bertille de Barbeyrac

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Olivia Peuchant

Function : Author

Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité

Dounia Baita

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Catherine Ouziel-Duretz

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Béatrice Poudens

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Raquel Brun

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Sophie Jouvert

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Aurore Tesson

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Jennifer Carrière

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Marie Diaz

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Camille Forget

Function : Author

CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]

Isabelle Le Hen

Function : Author

France Ahano-Ducourneau

Function : Author

Delphine Ha Van

Function : Author

Pauline Robert

Function : Author

Fabienne Brun

Function : Author

Estelle Lhospital

Function : Author

Julie Bardou

Function : Author

Annaïg Guegan

Function : Author

Sandy Ramloll Moura

Function : Author

Céline Leriche

Function : Author

Alix de Cussy

Function : Author

Marlène Malfait

Function : Author

Charlotte Rychen

Function : Author

Pervenche Martinet

Function : Author

Audrey Kugeler

Function : Author

Lisa Barriere

Function : Author

Laura Gutierrez

Function : Author

Jean-Luc Robert

Function : Author

Julie Saule

Function : Author

Viviana Bergamaschi

Function : Author

Sana Ben Soltana

Function : Author

Dominique Aymar-Moulene

Function : Author

Claire Bernier

Function : Author

Anne-Sophie Lecompte

Function : Author

Antoine Gregoire

Function : Author

Thomas Girard

Function : Author

Marie-Astrid Naccache

Function : Author

Philippe Lefebvre

Function : Author

Pauline Crombe

Function : Author

Christine Bulot

Function : Author

Anne-Laure Rolland

Function : Author

Katy Dernivoix

Function : Author

Camille Trouillet

Function : Author

Nathalie Trignol-Viguier

Function : Author

Elisabeth Blin-Zbiegiel

Function : Author

Mélanie Boissinot

Function : Author

Bruno Joly

Function : Author

Anne Dubreuil

Function : Author

Camille Mathieu

Function : Author

David Pragout

Function : Author

Cécile Bébéar

Function : Author

Anne Grob

Function : Author

Sophie Zaffreya

Function : Author

Erwan Le Naour

Function : Author

Anne Sophie Gibaud

Function : Author

Philippe Lanotte

Function : Author

Anne Vachée

Function : Author

Julien Loubinoux

Function : Author

Arabella Touati

Function : Author

Carla Balcon

Function : Author

Caroline Roussillon

Function : Author

Bellabes Ghezzoul

Function : Author

Frédéric Perry

Function : Author

Christelle Turuban

Function : Author

Sabine Rapin

Function : Author

Christine Pastor

Function : Author

Morane Cavellec

Function : Author

Ernesto Paredes Manvri

Function : Author

Sonia Albane

Function : Author

Katy Dernivoix

Function : Author

Camille Trouillet

Function : Author

Eva Ghiringhelli

Function : Author

Karen Pantin

Function : Author

Marion Kret

Function : Author

Edouard Lhomme

Function : Author

Damien Garreau

Function : Author

Jérôme Galet

Function : Author

Abstract

Objectives: Dysbiotic bacterial communities within the vagina are associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection. We compared the effect of treatment with azithromycin and doxycycline on the vaginal microbiota in a cohort of women with a urogenital C. trachomatis infection randomly assigned to one of these treatments (Chlazidoxy trial). Methods: We analysed vaginal samples from 284 women (135 in the azithromycin group and 149 in the doxycycline group) collected at baseline and 6 weeks after treatment initiation. The vaginal microbiota was characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and classified into community state types (CSTs). Results: At baseline, 75% (212/284) of the women had a high-risk microbiota (CST-III or CST-IV). A crosssectional comparison 6 weeks after treatment showed that 15 phylotypes were differentially abundant, but this difference was not reflected at the CST (p 0.772) or diversity level (p 0.339). Between baseline and the 6-week visit, a-diversity (p 0.140) and transition probabilities between CSTs were not significantly different between the groups, and no phylotype was differentially abundant. Discussion: In women with urogenital C. trachomatis infection, the vaginal microbiota does not seem to be affected by azithromycin or doxycycline 6 weeks after treatment. Because the vaginal microbiota remains susceptible to C. trachomatis infection (with CST-III or CST-IV) after antibiotic treatment, women remain at risk of reinfection, which could originate from unprotected sexual intercourse or untreated anorectal C. trachomatis infection. This last consideration advocates for the use of doxycycline instead of azithromycin because of its higher anorectal microbiological cure rate. Jeanne Tamarelle, Clin Microbiol Infect 2023;29:1056 & COPY; 2023 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.

Keywords

16S rRNA gene sequencing Antibiotics Chlamydia trachomatis treatment Community state types Vaginal microbiome

Domains

Environmental Sciences

Marion DESAILLY : Connect in order to contact the contributor

https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04183903

Submitted on : Monday, August 21, 2023-10:57:26 AM

Last modification on : Tuesday, August 22, 2023-4:02:15 AM

Dates and versions

hal-04183903 , version 1 (21-08-2023)

Identifiers

HAL Id : hal-04183903 , version 1
DOI : 10.1016/j.cmi.2023.04.020
PUBMED : 37100225
WOS : 001045997200001

Cite

Jeanne Tamarelle, Benjamin Penaud, Benjamin Tyssandier, Erwan Guichoux, Bertille de Barbeyrac, et al.. Effects of azithromycin and doxycycline on the vaginal microbiota of women with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a substudy of the Chlazidoxy randomized controlled trial. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2023, 29 (8), pp.1056-1062. ⟨10.1016/j.cmi.2023.04.020⟩. ⟨hal-04183903⟩

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Effects of azithromycin and doxycycline on the vaginal microbiota of women with urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection: a substudy of the Chlazidoxy randomized controlled trial

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