Within the soil biodiversity reservoir, the microbial community is essential for ecosystem functioning and resilience. Applications of organic and inorganic products in agriculture could improve soil microbial quality and increase crop productivity. However, little is known about the dynamic of the soil microbial communities after several years of repeated fertilizer inputs. In this study, we take advantage of a longterm field experiment in Rennes (SOERE PRO – EFELE), Brittany region (France). The EFELE experiment was set up in 2012 and has been cropped with wheat-maize rotation since the beginning of the trial. A mineral fertilizer (MIN), and three different organic amendments: cattle manure (CM), pig slurry (PS), and anaerobic digestate (DIG), were applied once a year from 2013 to the present. These treatments were compared to a control (CON) that has not received any organic or inorganic input. To monitor soil microbial community changes throughout 10 years of repeated fertilization practices, every two years (on wheat culture), soil samples were collected twelve months after the last organic or inorganic material application. We used high-throughput sequencing targeting 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes to describe the evolution of microbial soil communities. DNA extractions of all soil samples were performed in 2022. Results showed that the soil molecular biomass remained stable over 10 years of repeated fertilization practices, except for the CON treatment where a decrease (~58%) was observed. Interestingly, regardless of the sampling time considered, soils treated with CM displayed 20% higher soil molecular biomass compared to those that received DIG. The richness diversity index based on operational taxonomic units (OTUs) remained stable for both prokaryotic and fungal communities over time for all treatments. The Non-Metric multiDimensional Scaling approach (NMDS) showed that the structure of the prokaryotic community changed over time depending on the treatment. Regarding the fungal community structure, a time-dependent effect was also observed, although the discrimination between different treatments seemed less pronounced than the one observed for the prokaryotic structure. To conclude, the present study highlights that the soil microbial community could be lastingly modified after 10 years of repeated fertilization practices. These changes depend on the nature of the treatment applied.