Maintenance of host specialisation gradients in ectomycorrhizal symbionts - INRAE - Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement
Journal Articles New Phytologist Year : 2024

Maintenance of host specialisation gradients in ectomycorrhizal symbionts

Abstract

Summary Many fungi that form ectomycorrhizas exhibit a degree of host specialisation, and individual trees are frequently colonised by communities of mycorrhizal fungi comprising species that fall on a gradient of specialisation along genetic, functional and taxonomic axes of variation. By contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi exhibit little specialisation. Here, we propose that host tree root morphology is a key factor that gives host plants fine‐scale control over colonisation and therefore opportunities for driving specialisation and speciation of ectomycorrhizal fungi. A gradient in host specialisation is likely driven by four proximate mechanistic ‘filters’ comprising partner availability, signalling recognition, competition for colonisation, and symbiotic function (trade, rewards and sanctions), and the spatially restricted colonisation seen in heterorhizic roots enables these mechanisms, especially symbiotic function, to be more effective in driving the evolution of specialisation. We encourage manipulation experiments that integrate molecular genetics and isotope tracers to test these mechanisms, alongside mathematical simulations of eco‐evolutionary dynamics in mycorrhizal symbioses.
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hal-04378578 , version 1 (09-07-2024)

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Fay Voller, Agnès Ardanuy, Andy Taylor, David Johnson. Maintenance of host specialisation gradients in ectomycorrhizal symbionts. New Phytologist, 2024, 242, pp.1426-1435. ⟨10.1111/nph.19395⟩. ⟨hal-04378578⟩
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