Reducing social and institutional distance. Territorialising public action to manage Aujeszky's disease in Corsica
Réduire la distance sociale et institutionnelle. Territorialiser l'action publique pour gérer la maladie d'Aujeszky en Corse. Reducing social and institutional distance. Territorialising public action to manage Aujeszky's disease in Corsica
Résumé
Aujeszky’s disease is a viral disease of swine, of which continental France is declared free but which Corsica has never been able to eradicate. After the government abandoned the fight against the disease on the island, arguing that the very extensive nature of pig farming made it impossible to act against interactions between wild and domestic fauna, local stakeholders built an experimental eradication plan. This new dispositive is based on a participative, territorialised approach of public action. It has two aims. The first is that by involving all local stakeholders (farmers, vets, researchers, government departments, etc.) in the design and governance of the plan, it will be easier to resolve the organisational problems identified as obstacles to eradicating the disease. The second is that by working on a micro-regional scale, the proximity between farmers will make it possible to convince them to vaccinate against this disease and create a virtuous circle of collective mobilisation in favour of eradicating the disease. The aim of this article is to analyse its implementation in 2020 in two micro-regions, focusing on the new forms of coordination between stakeholders facilitated by the territorialised governance of the dispositive. It shows that the contrasts between farms in the micro-regions were reflected in their choice to vaccinate their animals. It also shows that the geographical proximity between players has had an ambivalent effect on the involvement of farmers, and that the organisational distance between local governance and the national decision-making level has created a new situation in which public action is blocked.
En 2020, la Corse expérimente un nouveau plan expérimental de gestion de la maladie d’Aujeszky, qui agit sur les performances zootechniques des élevages porcins et que l’île n’a jamais pu éradiquer. Ce dispositif repose sur une approche participative et territorialisée de l’action publique. Il fait le pari qu’en impliquant l’ensemble des acteurs locaux à la conception et la gouvernance du plan et qu’en travaillant à une échelle micro-régionale, il sera plus facile de convaincre les éleveurs de vacciner contre cette maladie et de créer un cercle vertueux de la mobilisation collective en faveur de l’éradication de la maladie. Cet article vise à produire une analyse de sa mise en oeuvre dans deux micro-régions en s’intéressant aux nouvelles formes de coordination entre acteurs favorisées par la gouvernance territorialisée du dispositif. Il montre que la proximité géographique a eu un effet ambivalent sur la mobilisation des éleveurs et que la distance organisationnelle entre la gouvernance locale et l’échelle de décision nationale a produit une nouvelle situation de blocage.
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