This chapter delves into the specific ways in which the relationships between wine companies and research and training organizations can be established within a region to address contemporary challenges in competitiveness and climate change adaptation. It revisits the research that has tackled this issue in both established and emerging wine-producing regions. The chapter illustrates this using the case of the“wine and vine” research and training center in Montpellier and its evolving connections with the vineyards in Languedoc, now part of the Occitanie Region. The initiatives and collective decisions made within the Languedoc cluster, driven by wine industry leaders, scientists or political figures, play a crucial role in shaping the organization and governance of the cluster. The Languedoc example brings up the issue of how to capitalize on a diversity of strategies, resources, products and knowledge.