Goji berries (Lycium barbarum, L. chinense and L. ruthenicum, perennial species from the Solanaceae family) are traditionally eaten in Asia for their high nutritional value [1]. Although goji consumption is increasingly growing in Europe, there is no significant field production or research program on this plant. Thus, the ecophysiological and genetic determinisms of the organoleptic and nutritional quality of goji berries remain unexplored. Moreover, it is unclear how yield components and berry quality traits may be affected by agricultural practices or abiotic stresses, yet Lycium is reputed to be drought-tolerant. To gain further knowledge on the mechanisms underlying goji nutritional value and drought tolerance, both untargeted and targeted metabolite analyses were performed by UPLC-ESIQTOF or UPLC-DAD-ESI-TQ on leaves and berries of Lycium barbarum accessions growing under well-watered (soil water potential of -0.1 MPa) or water stress conditions (soil water potential of - 0.5 MPa). The dataset included 46 phenolic compounds, half of which were identified with a level 1 confidence [2] by comparing their retention time, absorbance spectra and MS/MS data with authentic standards. The water deficit applied during the reproductive period affected plant growth and carbon allocation. A significant reduction of leaf fresh and dry biomass was reported for all accessions. In addition, the plants under water deficit decreased fruit production. Interestingly, the soil water deficit modified the fruit dry matter's composition. The fruits from ‘FPW07’ concentrated more glucose with the declining of the soil water potential. In addition, the soil water deficit decreased quercetin and phenolic acids in Lycium accessions. We have collected a reference dataset for key physiological traits that were not previously documented in Lycium, and characterized their response to drought. These data help to gain knowledge on Lycium physiology and development. [1] Amagase H. & Farnsworth N.R., Food Res. Int., 44, 1702-1717, 2011. [2] Schymanski E.L., Jeon J., Gulde R., Fenner K., Ruff M., Singer H. P. & Hollender J., Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 2097-2098, 2014.