Descriptive analysis and prognostic factors in cats with myeloma‐related disorders: A multicenter retrospective study of 50 cases - INRAE - Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement
Journal Articles Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Year : 2024

Descriptive analysis and prognostic factors in cats with myeloma‐related disorders: A multicenter retrospective study of 50 cases

Lorris Lecot
Sarah Benjamin
Pauline de Fornel
  • Function : Author
Matthew Kornya
David Sayag

Abstract

Background: Myeloma‐related disorders (MRDs) are rare and poorly documented neoplasms of cats. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe clinical, clinicopathologic, and imaging findings, response to treatment, and survival time and to identify factors associated with shorter outcomes in cats with MRD. Animals: Fifty cats with a diagnosis of MRD. Methods: Cats with paraproteinemia confirmed by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and either intramedullary plasmacytosis >10%, marked cytonuclear atypia with intramedullary plasmacytosis that ranged between 5% and 10%, or cytologically or histologically confirmed visceral infiltration were retrospectively included from several veterinary referral centers. Results: Bone marrow plasmacytosis and splenic or hepatic involvement were present in 17/27 cats (63%), 36/42 cats (86%), and 27/38 cats (71%), respectively. Anemia was reported in 33/49 cats (67%) and thrombocytopenia in 16/47 cats (34%). Some of the treatments that the cats received included melphalan and prednisolone (n = 19), cyclophosphamide and prednisolone (n = 10), chlorambucil and prednisolone (n = 4), prednisolone (n = 4), or other (n = 4). The overall response rates to melphalan, cyclophosphamide, and chlorambucil in combination with prednisolone were 87%, 90%, and 100%, respectively. Adverse events to melphalan or cyclophosphamide occurred in 65% and 23% of cats, respectively. Median survival time was 122 days (range, 0‐1403) and was not significantly associated with chemotherapy protocol. Anemia (hazard ratio [HR], 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0‐9.8) and thrombocytopenia (HR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.2‐6.0) were risk factors for shorter survival. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Our study confirmed the guarded prognosis of MRD in cats and identified risk factors for shorter survival times.
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hal-04653983 , version 1 (19-07-2024)

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Lorris Lecot, Isabelle Desmas-Bazelle, Sarah Benjamin, Pauline de Fornel, Frédérique Ponce, et al.. Descriptive analysis and prognostic factors in cats with myeloma‐related disorders: A multicenter retrospective study of 50 cases. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2024, 38 (3), pp.1693-1705. ⟨10.1111/jvim.17051⟩. ⟨hal-04653983⟩
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