The development of terrestrial ecosystems emerging after glacier retreat - INRAE - Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement
Article Dans Une Revue Nature Année : 2024

The development of terrestrial ecosystems emerging after glacier retreat

1 UNIMI - Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan
2 UGA - Université Grenoble Alpes
3 IGG - CNR Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources
4 LECA - Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine
5 RiverLy - RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes
6 IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
7 UMR AMAP - Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations
8 University of Lincoln [UK]
9 U de G - Centro Universitario de los Lagos - Universidad de Guadalajara
10 Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales ? IDEAM
11 University of Central Punjab
12 JNU - Jawaharlal Nehru University
13 SFU.ca - Simon Fraser University = Université Simon Fraser
14 Autoridad Nacional del Agua
15 Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra
16 Comisión Nacional del Agua
17 CEFE - Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive
18 EDYTEM - Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne
19 Mannaki Whenua
20 National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic
21 UNIMIB - Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca
22 Trento Museum of Natural Science
23 NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences
24 Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck
25 Herbario Nacional de Bolivia
26 Universidad Veracruzana
27 UTEA - Technological University of the Andes
28 IGE - Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement
29 Monash university
30 CAAS - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
31 University of Texas at Austin [Austin]
32 USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] - Université Savoie Mont Blanc
33 NBFC - National Biodiversity Future Center
34 DYNAFOR - Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers
Aurélie Bonin
Pritam Chand
Andre Eger
  • Fonction : Auteur
Mauro Gobbi
Rosa Isela Meneses
Levan Tielidze
Yan Yang
Anaïs Zimmer
Pierre Taberlet
Diego Fontaneto

Résumé

The global retreat of glaciers is dramatically altering mountain and high-latitude landscapes, with new ecosystems developing from apparently barren substrates1–4. The study of these emerging ecosystems is critical to understanding how climate change interacts with microhabitat and biotic communities and determines the future of ice-free terrains1,5. Here, using a comprehensive characterization of ecosystems (soil properties, microclimate, productivity and biodiversity by environmental DNA metabarcoding6) across 46 proglacial landscapes worldwide, we found that all the environmental properties change with time since glaciers retreated, and that temperature modulates the accumulation of soil nutrients. The richness of bacteria, fungi, plants and animals increases with time since deglaciation, but their temporal patterns differ. Microorganisms colonized most rapidly in the first decades after glacier retreat, whereas most macroorganisms took longer. Increased habitat suitability, growing complexity of biotic interactions and temporal colonization all contribute to the increase in biodiversity over time. These processes also modify community composition for all the groups of organisms. Plant communities show positive links with all other biodiversity components and have a key role in ecosystem development. These unifying patterns provide new insights into the early dynamics of deglaciated terrains and highlight the need for integrated surveillance of their multiple environmental properties5.
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Dates et versions

hal-04670746 , version 1 (13-08-2024)

Identifiants

Citer

Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Silvio Marta, Alessia Guerrieri, Isabel Cantera, Aurélie Bonin, et al.. The development of terrestrial ecosystems emerging after glacier retreat. Nature, 2024, 632 (8024), pp.336-342. ⟨10.1038/s41586-024-07778-2⟩. ⟨hal-04670746⟩
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