Pesticides have been used for decades in agriculture, especially in vineyards to protect plants from damaging diseases and pests and to provide food supply and quality of grapes which are necessary to produce good wines. But the negative impact of the chemicals on the environment and on human health is now proven. Reducing pesticide use and evolving toward more sustainable production systems that integrate the concepts of agroecology and take into account the human health are currently the main challenges of the modern agriculture. Now, there are more and more demonstrations in towns, even Bordeaux, where people ask to avoid pesticides around schools, and other many sensitive establishments. In consequence, researchers of Bordeaux University and public Research centers grouped within the laboratory of excellence in environmental sciences LabEx COTE, developed a new project called PhytoCOTE, which focuses on the use of pesticides in viticulture, the impact on ecosystems and the capacity of changing practices and production systems The vineyard that we are studying is located in the North of Bordeaux city, into the Blayais region. The aims of this work are i) to describe current production systems implemented by vine growers and to identify alternative techniques to pesticide use ii) to assess the performances of current systems using a MCDA method, iii) to design and evaluate innovative vine production systems that enhance environmental and economic sustainability. About forty vine growers were surveyed and a MCDA approach based on the ELECTRE III was developed in order to assess their environmental, economic and social performances. Conventional production systems with some graduation of intensification level, organic farming, agroecological systems were studied. The aim is to build a new composed system which conciliates pesticides reduction and profitability. These systems belong to vineyards that combine a set of agro-ecological techniques (i.e. natural cover crops, mechanical weeding, use of chemical substances against diseases and pests which are less harmful for human health and increase of biocontrol products). The association of these techniques reduces soil tillage and allows the management of diseases and pests with a low amount of chemicals. Therefore, it significantly reduces input costs, but needs good knowledges in agronomy. This analysis was the first step for designing innovative production systems. A set of alternative techniques was identified. Their combination in different prototypes is now analysed by a group of actors associating researchers in agroecology, advisors and farmers, but there will be also discussed with the cancer epidemiologists' team of the hospital university center of Bordeaux