Global study of social odor awareness
Agnieszka Sorokowska
(1)
,
Agata Groyecka
(1)
,
Maciej Karwowski
(1)
,
Tomasz Frackowiak
(1)
,
Jennifer E. Lansford
(2)
,
Khodabakhsh Ahmadi
(3)
,
Ahmad m. Alghraibeh
(4)
,
Richmond Aryeetey
(5)
,
Anna Bertoni
(6)
,
Karim Bettache
(7)
,
Sheyla Blumen
(8)
,
Marta Błażejewska
(1)
,
Tiago Bortolini
(9, 10)
,
Marina Butovskaya
(11)
,
Katarzyna Cantarero
(12)
,
Felipe Nalon Castro
(13)
,
Hakan Cetinkaya
(14)
,
Lei Chang
(15)
,
Bin-Bin Chen
(16)
,
Diana Cunha
(17)
,
Daniel David
(18)
,
Oana A. David
(18)
,
Fahd A. Dileym
(4)
,
Alejandra del Carmen Domínguez Espinosa
(19)
,
Silvia Donato
(6)
,
Daria Dronova
(11)
,
Seda Dural
(20)
,
Jitka Fialová
(21)
,
Maryanne Fisher
(22)
,
Evrim Gulbetekin
(23)
,
Aslihan Hamamcioğlu Akkaya
(24)
,
Peter Hilpert
(25)
,
Ivana Hromatko
(26)
,
Raffaella Iafrate
(6)
,
Mariana Iesyp
(27)
,
Bawo James
(28)
,
Jelena Jaranovic
(29)
,
Feng Jiang
(30)
,
Charles Obadiah Kimamo
(31)
,
Grete Kjelvik
(32)
,
Firat Koç
(24)
,
Amos Laar
(5)
,
Fívia de Araújo Lopes
(13)
,
Guillermo Macbeth
(33)
,
Nicole M. Marcano
(34)
,
Rocio Martinez
(35)
,
Norbert Mesko
(36)
,
Natalya Molodovskaya
(1)
,
Khadijeh Moradi Qezeli
(37)
,
Zahrasadat Motahari
(38)
,
Alexandra Mühlhauser
(39)
,
Jean Carlos Natividade
(40)
,
Joseph Ntayi
(41)
,
Elisabeth Oberzaucher
(39)
,
Oluyinka Ojedokun
(42)
,
Mohd Omar-Fauzee
(43)
,
Ike E. Onyishi
(44)
,
Anna Paluszak
(1)
,
John D. Pierce, Jr.
(45)
,
Urmila Pillay
(46)
,
Alda Portugal
(47, 48)
,
Eugenia Razumiejczyk
(33)
,
Anu Realo
(49, 50)
,
Ana Paula Relvas
(48)
,
Maria Rivas
(51)
,
Muhammad Rizwan
(52)
,
Svjetlana Salkičević
(26)
,
Ivan Sarmány-Schuller
(53)
,
Susanne Schmehl
(39)
,
Oksana Senyk
(27)
,
Charlotte Sinding
(54)
,
Emma Sorbring
(55)
,
Eftychia Stamkou
(56)
,
Stanislava Stoyanova
(57)
,
Nina Sutresna
(58)
,
Meri Tadinac
(26)
,
Sombat Tapanya
(59)
,
Andero Teras
,
Edna Lúcia Tinoco Ponciano
(60)
,
Ritu Tripathi
(61)
,
Nachiketa Tripathi
(62)
,
Mamta Tripathi
(63)
,
Olja Uhryn
(17)
,
Maria Emília Yamamoto
(13)
,
Gyesook Yoo
(64)
,
Piotr Sorokowski
(1)
1
Institute of Psychology
2 Duke University [Durham]
3 Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
4 KSU - King Saud University [Riyadh]
5 School of public Health
6 Unicatt - Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma]
7 Monash University
8 PUCP - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú = Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
9 UFRJ - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Federal University of Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] = Université fédérale de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil]
10 D'Or Institute for Research and Education,
11 Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology
12 SWPS - SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities
13 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
14 Ankara University
15 UMac - University of Macau
16 FU - Fudan University
17 Faculty of Psychology [Warsaw]
18 UBB - Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca]
19 Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla
20 Faculty of Arts and Sciences
21 Faculty of Science - Department of Zoology
22 Saint Mary's University
23 Akdeniz University
24 Cumhuriyet University
25 UNIS - University of Surrey
26 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences [Zagreb]
27 Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
28 Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital
29 University of Belgrade
30 Central University of Finance and Economics
31 UoN - University of Nairobi
32 NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology
33 National University of Entre Rios
34 Philadelphia University
35 UGR - Universidad de Granada = University of Granada
36 University of Pecs
37 Razi University
38 USC - University of Science and Culture
39 Faculty of Life Sciences
40 PUC-Rio - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] = Université catholique pontificale de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil]
41 MAK - Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda]
42 Adekunle Ajasin University
43 UUM - Universiti Utara Malaysia
44 university of Nigeria
45 Thomas Jefferson University
46 Chercheur indépendant
47 Centre for Social Studies
48 Universidade de Coimbra
49 University of Tartu
50 Department of Psychology
51 Universidad del Magdalena (COLOMBIA)
52 University of Karachi
53 SAS - Slovak Academy of Sciences
54 CSGA - Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon]
55 University West
56 UvA - University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] = Universiteit van Amsterdam
57 South-West University "Neofit Rilski"
58 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
59 CMU - Chiang Mai University
60 UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Rio de Janeiro State University [Brazil] = Université d'État de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil]
61 IIMB - Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
62 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences
63 SRM - SRM Institute of Science and Technology
64 KHU - Kyung Hee University
2 Duke University [Durham]
3 Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
4 KSU - King Saud University [Riyadh]
5 School of public Health
6 Unicatt - Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma]
7 Monash University
8 PUCP - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú = Pontifical Catholic University of Peru
9 UFRJ - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Federal University of Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] = Université fédérale de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil]
10 D'Or Institute for Research and Education,
11 Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology
12 SWPS - SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities
13 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
14 Ankara University
15 UMac - University of Macau
16 FU - Fudan University
17 Faculty of Psychology [Warsaw]
18 UBB - Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca]
19 Universidad Iberoamericana Puebla
20 Faculty of Arts and Sciences
21 Faculty of Science - Department of Zoology
22 Saint Mary's University
23 Akdeniz University
24 Cumhuriyet University
25 UNIS - University of Surrey
26 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences [Zagreb]
27 Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
28 Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital
29 University of Belgrade
30 Central University of Finance and Economics
31 UoN - University of Nairobi
32 NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology
33 National University of Entre Rios
34 Philadelphia University
35 UGR - Universidad de Granada = University of Granada
36 University of Pecs
37 Razi University
38 USC - University of Science and Culture
39 Faculty of Life Sciences
40 PUC-Rio - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro [Brazil] = Université catholique pontificale de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil]
41 MAK - Makerere University [Kampala, Ouganda]
42 Adekunle Ajasin University
43 UUM - Universiti Utara Malaysia
44 university of Nigeria
45 Thomas Jefferson University
46 Chercheur indépendant
47 Centre for Social Studies
48 Universidade de Coimbra
49 University of Tartu
50 Department of Psychology
51 Universidad del Magdalena (COLOMBIA)
52 University of Karachi
53 SAS - Slovak Academy of Sciences
54 CSGA - Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon]
55 University West
56 UvA - University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] = Universiteit van Amsterdam
57 South-West University "Neofit Rilski"
58 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
59 CMU - Chiang Mai University
60 UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] = Rio de Janeiro State University [Brazil] = Université d'État de Rio de Janeiro [Brésil]
61 IIMB - Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
62 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences
63 SRM - SRM Institute of Science and Technology
64 KHU - Kyung Hee University
Agnieszka Sorokowska
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- Fonction : Auteur correspondant
- PersonId : 987967
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Richmond Aryeetey
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 800800
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4667-592X
Feng Jiang
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- PersonId : 783752
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9762-5821
Charlotte Sinding
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- PersonId : 761790
- IdHAL : csinding
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0887-4429
- IdRef : 182423387
Andero Teras
- Fonction : Auteur
Piotr Sorokowski
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- PersonId : 800801
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9225-9965
Résumé
Olfaction plays an important role in human social communication, including multiple domains in which people often rely on their sense of smell in the social context. The importance of the sense of smell and its role can however vary inter-individually and culturally. Despite the growing body of literature on differences in olfactory performance or hedonic preferences across the globe, the aspects of a given culture as well as culturally universal individual differences affecting odor awareness in human social life remain unknown. Here, we conducted a large-scale analysis of data collected from 10,794 participants from 52 study sites from 44 countries all over the world. The aim of our research was to explore the potential individual and country-level correlates of odor awareness in the social context. The results show that the individual characteristics were more strongly related than country-level factors to self-reported odor awareness in different social contexts. A model including individual-level predictors (gender, age, material situation, education and preferred social distance) provided a relatively good fit to the data, but adding country-level predictors (Human Development Index, population density and average temperature) did not improve model parameters. Although there were some cross-cultural differences in social odor awareness, the main differentiating role was played by the individual differences. This suggests that people living in different cultures and different climate conditions may still share some similar patterns of odor awareness if they share other individual-level characteristics.
Origine : Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)
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