Mutually beneficial pollinator diversity and crop yield outcomes in small and large farms
Lucas A. Garibaldi
(1)
,
Luisa G. Carvalheiro
(2, 3, 4)
,
Bernard Vaissière
(5)
,
Barbara Gemmill-Herren
(6)
,
Juliana Hipólito
(7)
,
Breno M. Freitas
(8)
,
Hien T. Ngo
(9)
,
Nadine Azzu
(6)
,
Agustín Sáez
(1)
,
Jens Astrom
(10)
,
Jiandong An
(11)
,
Betina Blochtein
(12)
,
Damayanti Buchori
(13)
,
Fermin J. Chamorro-Garcia
(14)
,
Fabiana Oliveira da Silva
(15)
,
Kedar Devkota
(16)
,
Marcia de Fatima Ribeiro
(17)
,
Leandro Freitas
(18)
,
Maria C. Gaglianone
(19)
,
Maria Goss
(20)
,
Mohammad Irshad
(21)
,
Muo Kasina
(22)
,
Alipio J.S. Pacheco Filho
(8)
,
Lucia H. Piedade Kiill
(17)
,
Peter Kwapong
(23)
,
Guiomar Nates Parra
(14)
,
Carmen Pires
(24)
,
Viviane Pires
(25)
,
Ranbeer S. Rawal
(26)
,
Akhmad Rizali
(27)
,
Antonio M. Saraiva
(28)
,
Ruan Veldtman
(29, 30)
,
Blandina F. Viana
(7)
,
Sidia Witter
(31)
,
Hong Zhang
(11)
1
CONICET -
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires]
2 Departamento de Ecologia
3 Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (Ce3C)
4 Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden]
5 AE - Abeilles et environnement
6 FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
7 UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia
8 UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará = Federal University of Ceará
9 Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
10 Norvegian Institute for Nature Research
11 CAAS - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
12 PUC-RS - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul [Brasil] = Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul [Brazil] = Université catholique pontificale de Rio Grande do Sul [Brésil]
13 Bogor Agricultural University - IPB (INDONESIA)
14 Universidad Nacional de Colombia
15 DFI/CCET/ - Universidade Federal de Sergipe
16 Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science
17 Embrapa - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
18 Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro
19 UENF - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
20 UZ - University of Zimbabwe
21 Pakistan Agriculture Research Council
22 Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation
23 University of Cape Coast
24 Parque Estação Biológica
25 Instituto do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos do Estado da Bahia
26 G.B. Plant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development
27 UB - Brawijaya University
28 Universidade Federal de São Paulo
29 Kirstenbosch Research Centre
30 Stellenbosch University
31 Fepagro - Fundaçao Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuaria
2 Departamento de Ecologia
3 Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (Ce3C)
4 Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden]
5 AE - Abeilles et environnement
6 FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
7 UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia
8 UFC - Universidade Federal do Ceará = Federal University of Ceará
9 Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
10 Norvegian Institute for Nature Research
11 CAAS - Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
12 PUC-RS - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul [Brasil] = Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul [Brazil] = Université catholique pontificale de Rio Grande do Sul [Brésil]
13 Bogor Agricultural University - IPB (INDONESIA)
14 Universidad Nacional de Colombia
15 DFI/CCET/ - Universidade Federal de Sergipe
16 Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science
17 Embrapa - Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
18 Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro
19 UENF - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
20 UZ - University of Zimbabwe
21 Pakistan Agriculture Research Council
22 Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organisation
23 University of Cape Coast
24 Parque Estação Biológica
25 Instituto do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos do Estado da Bahia
26 G.B. Plant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development
27 UB - Brawijaya University
28 Universidade Federal de São Paulo
29 Kirstenbosch Research Centre
30 Stellenbosch University
31 Fepagro - Fundaçao Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuaria
Lucas A. Garibaldi
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Bernard Vaissière
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- IdHAL : bernard-vaissiere
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7678-8370
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Juliana Hipólito
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-0721-3143
Jiandong An
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- PersonId : 777218
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4203-4554
Résumé
Ecological intensification, or the improvement of crop yield through enhancement of biodiversity, may be a sustainable pathway toward greater food supplies. Such sustainable increases may be especially important for the 2 billion people reliant on small farms, many of which are undernourished, yet we know little about the efficacy of this approach. Using a coordinated protocol across regions and crops, we quantify to what degree enhancing pollinator density and richness can improve yields on 344 fields from 33 pollinator-dependent crop systems in small and large farms from Africa, Asia, and Latin America. For fields less than 2 hectares, we found that yield gaps could be closed by a median of 24% through higher flower-visitor density. For larger fields, such benefits only occurred at high flower-visitor richness.Worldwide, our study demonstrates that ecological intensification can create synchronous biodiversity and yield outcomes.