Diversity Promotes Temporal Stability across Levels of Ecosystem Organization in Experimental Grasslands
Raphael Proulx
(1)
,
Christian Wirth
(1, 2)
,
Winfried Voigt
(3)
,
Alexandra Weigelt
(1, 3)
,
Christiane Roscher
(1)
,
Sabine Attinger
(4)
,
Jussi Baade
(3)
,
Romain L. Barnard
(5)
,
Nina Buchmann
(5)
,
Francois Buscot
(4)
,
Nico Eisenhauer
(6, 7)
,
Markus Fischer
(8, 9)
,
Gerd Gleixner
(1)
,
Stephan Halle
(3)
,
Anke Hildebrandt
(4)
,
Esther Kowalski
(3)
,
Annely Kuu
(3, 10)
,
Markus Lange
(3)
,
Alex Milcu
(11)
,
Pascal A. Niklaus
(5, 12)
,
Yvonne Oelmann
(13)
,
Stephan Rosenkranz
(13)
,
Alexander Sabais
(6)
,
Christophe Scherber
(14)
,
Michael Scherer-Lorenzen
(5, 15)
,
Stephan Scheu
(7)
,
Ernst-Detlef Schulze
(1)
,
Jens Schumacher
(3)
,
Guido Schwichtenberg
(4)
,
Jean-François J.-F. Soussana
(16)
,
Vicky M. Temperton
(1, 17)
,
Wolfang W. Weisser
(3)
,
Wolfang Wilcke
(13, 18)
,
Bernard Schmid
(12)
1
MPI-BGC -
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry
2 Leipzig University / Universität Leipzig
3 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany]
4 UFZ - Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
5 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
6 Darmstadt University of Technology [Darmstadt]
7 Johann-Friedrich Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie
8 Institute of Plant Sciences
9 Institute of Biochemistry and Biology
10 TTÜ - Tallinn University of Technology
11 Center for Population Biology
12 IEU - Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies
13 JGU - Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University
14 Department of Crop Sciences
15 Faculty for Biology
16 UREP - Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial
17 Phytosphere Institute ICG-3
18 UNIBE - Universität Bern / University of Bern
2 Leipzig University / Universität Leipzig
3 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany]
4 UFZ - Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
5 ETH Zürich - Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich]
6 Darmstadt University of Technology [Darmstadt]
7 Johann-Friedrich Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie
8 Institute of Plant Sciences
9 Institute of Biochemistry and Biology
10 TTÜ - Tallinn University of Technology
11 Center for Population Biology
12 IEU - Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies
13 JGU - Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University
14 Department of Crop Sciences
15 Faculty for Biology
16 UREP - Unité de recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial
17 Phytosphere Institute ICG-3
18 UNIBE - Universität Bern / University of Bern
Raphael Proulx
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- PersonId : 914312
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Romain L. Barnard
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 753796
- IdHAL : romain-barnard
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6440-1159
- IdRef : 079221572
Nina Buchmann
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 772006
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0826-2980
- IdRef : 242539602
Résumé
The diversity-stability hypothesis states that current losses of biodiversity can impair the ability of an ecosystem to dampen the effect of environmental perturbations on its functioning. Using data from a long-term and comprehensive biodiversity experiment, we quantified the temporal stability of 42 variables characterizing twelve ecological functions in managed grassland plots varying in plant species richness. We demonstrate that diversity increases stability i) across trophic levels (producer, consumer), ii) at both the system (community, ecosystem) and the component levels (population, functional group, phylogenetic clade), and iii) primarily for aboveground rather than belowground processes. Temporal synchronization across studied variables was mostly unaffected with increasing species richness. This study provides the strongest empirical support so far that diversity promotes stability across different ecological functions and levels of ecosystem organization in grasslands.
Domaines
Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]
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