Since 2004, two INRA teams (UMR Agroecology Dijon and IJBP, Versailles), both partners of PEAMUST, have created 3 EMS-induced mutant collections in the framework of European or French ANR projects. The genotypes chosen for these collections have specific agronomic traits according to the research subject. For example, the Terese rms3 and -rms4 branched genotypes (Rameau et al., 1997) are well suited to the study of shoot architecture in relation with strigolactone and the lines easy to grow and to backcross in glasshouse conditions. Caméor, an early cultivar with high seed protein content, is the reference genotype for the pea sequencing project. The 336/11 winter pea line with the Hr allele is very sensitive to photoperiod and cold tolerant, which enables the screening of genes contributing to winter pea performance. These 3 collections currently represent a total of 13500 mutated lines. The high-throughput detection of mutations in specific regions of the genome is critical to exploit allelic resources from these collections. Since 2014, mutation detection system has evolved toward NGS technologies and a new one has been implemented in INRA (IPS2) increasing consequently the sensitivity of the detection, allowing a better exploitation of these collections. Spanning the 3 collections mutation rate was assessed ranging from 10 to 40 thousand mutations per genome. As part of the PeaMUST project, about 15 kb of candidate gene sequences were sequenced across 81,000 families. 313 mutations were detected, of which 9% induce a stop codon or a splice defect and 70% induce amino acid changes. These results showed the very high potential of these collections for their exploitation in functional validation or creation of allelic variants. Rameau C, Bodelin C, Cadier D, Grandjean O, Miard F, Murfet IC (1997) New ramosus mutants at loci Rms1, Rms3 and Rms4 resulting from the mutation breeding program at Versailles. Pisum Genet 29: 7–12