The purpose of this Study was to investigate the effect of photoperiod-advanced spawning and hormonally-induced ovulation on egg quality and egg transcriptome. Experimentations were performed using 3 groups of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from an autumn-spawning strain: (i) natural spawning, (ii) photoperiod-advanced, and (iii) hormonally-induced group. For each female, egg quality was evaluated by measuring survival and malformations at yolk-sac resorption. Transcriptome analysis was performed using AGENAE microarrays displaying 9,152 rainbow trout cDNAs. Differential analysis showed that the transcriptome of unfertilized oocyte could be influenced by environmental perturbations, such as photoperiod regime or hormonal induction, and could be reflective of egg developmental capacities after fertilization.