Agaricus bisporus, the button mushroom, has a long cultivation history and is nowadays cultivated at large scales in sophisticated facilities. However, recent researches on the use of the biodiversity, on genetics and on the technology of substrate making and cultivation open new possibilities for the production of this mushroom under various conditions, with the objective to satisfy the three dimensions of sustainable development: human society, economy, and environment. It should be addressed through some progresses in the following topics: high yield of conversion of raw ingredients to foods, limited use of pesticides for controlling pests and pathogens by using biocontrol and resistant strains, decreasing the consumption of energy by cultivating strains adapted to various climatic conditions, as well as a large access to technological innovations and to genetic progress.