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Article Dans Une Revue PLoS Genetics Année : 2020

Effect of H2A.Z deletion is rescued by compensatory mutations in Fusarium graminearum

Résumé

Fusarium head blight is a destructive disease of grains resulting in reduced yields and contamination of grains with mycotoxins worldwide; Fusarium graminearum is its major causal agent. Chromatin structure changes play key roles in regulating mycotoxin biosynthesis in filamentous fungi. Using a split-marker approach in three F. graminearum strains INRA156, INRA349 and INRA812 (PH-1), we knocked out the gene encoding H2A.Z, a ubiquitous histone variant reported to be involved in a diverse range of biological processes in yeast, plants and animals, but rarely studied in filamentous fungi. All ΔH2A.Z mutants exhibit defects in development including radial growth, sporulation, germination and sexual reproduction, but with varying degrees of severity between them. Heterogeneity of osmotic and oxidative stress response as well as mycotoxin production was observed in ΔH2A.Z strains. Adding-back wild-type H2A.Z in INRA349ΔH2A.Z could not rescue the phenotypes. Whole genome sequencing revealed that, although H2A.Z has been removed from the genome and the deletion cassette is inserted at H2A.Z locus only, mutations occur at other loci in each mutant regardless of the genetic background. Genes affected by these mutations encode proteins involved in chromatin remodeling, such as the helicase Swr1p or an essential subunit of the histone deacetylase Rpd3S, and one protein of unknown function. These observations suggest that H2A.Z and the genes affected by such mutations are part or the same genetic interaction network. Our results underline the genetic plasticity of F. graminearum facing detrimental gene perturbation. These findings suggest that intergenic suppressions rescue deleterious phenotypes in ΔH2A.Z strains, and that H2A.Z may be essential in F. graminearum. This assumption is further supported by the fact that H2A.Z deletion failed in another Fusarium spp., i.e., the rice pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi. Author summary : The functions of histone variant H2A.Z has been widely studied inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand higher eukaryotes. However, there is a significant lack of knowledge of the role of H2A.Z and its regulation in filamentous fungi. Here we demonstrate for the first time that deleterious consequences of complete removal ofH2A.Zfrom the genome ofF.graminearumare mitigated by genetic suppression. The suppressors detected open new possibilities to investigate in more depth the network linking H2A.Z and other genes inF.graminearumand used to decipher unresolved questions concerning H2A.Z.
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hal-03013657 , version 1 (19-11-2020)

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Zhenhui Chen, Enric Zehraoui, Anna K. Atanasoff-Kardjalieff, Joseph Strauss, Lena Studt, et al.. Effect of H2A.Z deletion is rescued by compensatory mutations in Fusarium graminearum. PLoS Genetics, 2020, 16 (10), pp.1-28. ⟨10.1371/journal.pgen.1009125⟩. ⟨hal-03013657⟩
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