Measuring changes in total factor productivity (TFP) is critical for decision-making, especially through the improvement of structural change and competitiveness. In the context of fishing industry, productivity change results from many factors, such as regulations and stock conditions. Understanding changes in productivity and factors affecting those changes are essential to not only fishery management, but also sustainable fishing industry. This paper applies the Färe-Primont index to the assessment of productivity change of oceanic tuna fisheries in Vietnam from 2007 to 2019. The results show that oceanic tuna fisheries in Vietnam have been inefficient and need to further improve its mix and scale efficiencies. The study provides implications for policies to improve economic efficiency of oceanic tuna fisheries in Vietnam, aiming toward sustainable development.