Sainfoin grazing by dairy goats to manage gastro-intestinal parasitism and improve milk performance
Résumé
Optimal use of grazing pastures represents a solution for improving goat production by ensuring protein self-sufficiency and sustainability. However, in dairy goats grazing systems, infections with gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) are a major threat for goats’ health and welfare. The usual control method for GINs has relied on chemical anthelminthics (AHs). However, resistance to AHs is now a worldwide issue. Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) is a forage legume containing tannins, which represents a solution to limit GIN infections and the development of AH resistance. A 23-day trial was performed with 2 homogeneous groups of 30 dairy goats grazing either sainfoin or multi-species pastures without sainfoin. Objectives were to evaluate the effects of sainfoin grazing on milk performance and on GIN infections. Compared to the multi-species pasture, grazing sainfoin led to greater milk production (+12%, P<0.05) and milk urea concentration, due to greater pasture crude protein concentration (+4%; P<0.05). Mean faecal egg count of GINs (FEC) in the Sainfoin group decreased between the beginning and the end of the trial (-66%; P<0.001) although the final FEC did not differ between the 2 groups (P=0.072). This experiment confirms that sainfoin is an interesting forage for grazing by goats. Its impact on parasitism under natural conditions must be confirmed.