In the context of climate change, characterized by increasingly frequent droughts and heat waves, it is anticipated that the global soybean yields, the most extensively grown legume, will experience a significant decline in the foreseeable future.. There is thus an urgent need to improve its ability to maintain growth and productivity under such conditions. The objective of this study was to explore which plant traits make soybeans more resilient to heat and/or water stress, with a focus on plant architecture. For this purpose, two soybean genotypes, already shown to have contrasted root architecture (Maslard et al., 2021) were grown under controlled conditions in the high-throughput phenotyping platform 4PMI where either optimal conditions, heat waves, water stress or both heat waves and water stresses were applied during the vegetative stage. New root detection algorithms and tools were generated to quickly and accurately analyze many architectural traits (e.g. length, width, projected root area, plant height over time). Under stress conditions the two genotypes displayed contrasted architectural features such as root width, root angle branching or plant height. By correlating architectural to functional traits, related to water and carbon allocation, we were able to explain the stress susceptibility level of the two genotypes. This cross analysis of plant ecophysiology and architectural traits under different stresses provides new information on soybean adaptation to climate change.