CRISPRI AS A TOOL FOR THE FUNCTIONAL STUDY OF GENE FAMILIES IN XANTHOMONAS
Résumé
The Xanthomonas genus includes several plant pathogens responsible for significant crop
losses worldwide. Most of the functional studies of virulence in this genus have been carried
out by directed mutagenesis through homologous recombination. However, this strategy is
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cumbersome for the study of gene families. CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) allows precise
silencing of target genes by using a catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) which interferes with
gene expression. Because of its RNA-directed nature, this technology can be used for
silencing several genes in a single experiment in bacteria and other organisms. We
implemented a CRISPRi strategy to silence several members of the Transcriptional activator-
like effectors (TALE) gene family at once in four different species of Xanthomonas. Our
results underscore the importance of the activation of the SWEET gene family in cassava
upon infection by Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis. Remarkably, we report the
importance of this gene family in the infection of this host by the non-vascular pathogen X.
cassavae. In addition, we successfully silenced several TALE genes in a total of five species,
including X. oryzae pv. oryzae, X. citri pv. citri and X. campestris pv. campestris using
CRISPRi, confirming the importance of this gene family in these pathosystems. The CRISPRi
tool can be further modulated to silence sets of genes within a gene family for functional
studies in Xanthomonas and other plant pathogenic bacteria.