Chemerin is a hormone produced mainly by adipose tissue and liver. We have recently shown that it is locally produced in the reproductive tract in hens, particularly at the magnum level, lead-ing to its accumulation in the egg albumen. We have also determined that chemerin is necessary for egg fer-tilization, embryo development, and angiogenesis within the chorio-allantoic membrane in chicken spe-cies. We, therefore, hypothesize that chemerin, widely present in various gallinacean species, could be a marker of egg fertility in this animal order. To demon-strate this, we used a model close to the hen: the pheasant. By RT-qPCR, we have shown that chem-erin and its three receptors CMKLR1, GPR1, and CCRL2 are expressed in the reproductive tract of females. In addition, chemerin is also produced pre-dominantly in the magnum and accumulates in the egg albumen as determined by immunoblot. We then compared two lines of pheasants with different reproductive characteristics: the F11 and F22 breeds. F22 lays more eggs than F11, but have significantly lower fertility and hatchability rates. In addition, F22 exhibit a significantly lower amount of chemerin pro-tein in their magnum (P < 0.01) and in the egg albumen (P < 0.0001) compared to F11. Finally, we observed a positive correlation between the chemerin amount in the albumen of F11 eggs and the hatching rate of the eggs (r = 0.5; P = 0.04) as well as a negative correlation between the chemerin quantity in the albumen of F22 eggs and the rate of unfertilized eggs (r =-0.37; P = 0.04). Finally, chemerin system (ligand and receptors) is also expressed within embryo annexes (chorioallantoic and amniotic membranes) during incubation. These data demonstrate an inter -species conservation of chemerin production in the magnum, its accumulation in the egg albumen and its possible use as a marker for determining the quality of eggs in term of fertility and embryo development.