In 2021 in France, 70 648 caprine inseminations were performed (Capgènes). In the national database, the type of preparation of the goats before artificial insemination (AI) is individually recorded for 92% of performed AI. Goat insemination in France is mainly practiced after hormonal synchronisation. However, preparation techniques with less or no hormones have been made available and advertised by the goat sector industries over the past years. This led to a sensible reduction in hormonal synchronization and a noticeable progression of the use of alternative methods based on the buck effect. Across the north-west quarter of France, where insemination cooperative Innoval performs goat AI, the proportion of AI performed after detected natural heats, buck effect (BE) or vaginal sponge and buck effect (VS-BE) preparation has grown from 6% in 2019 (n= 33 870 total AI) to 15% in 2021 (n=36 076 total AI) showing hormonal synchronization is slowly decreasing. Regional practice is very diverse with a rather high adoption of less or non-hormonal techniques in Bretagne (35% of total AI), medium in Pays de la Loire (17%) and Poitou-Charentes (15%) and rather low in Centre (9% ; Innoval AI database). Innoval has been following closely 23 pilot breeders using BE or VS-BE preparation techniques for the past 3 years. Fertility results were quite acceptable in comparison with national fertility results after AI (58.2% in 2021 including all breeds, seasons, preparation techniques, source : Capgènes). BE resulted in 57% fertility (n=891 AI). VS-BE preparation resulted in 59% fertility (n=1 650 AI). This study allowed identification of key steps ensuring good fertility results when using these alternative techniques : female:male ratio, well prepared males (photoperiodic treatment, sexual awakening), free interactions between males and female in the same pen, quality of heat detection, heat detection to AI interval.