Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought
Haben Blondeel
(1)
,
Joannès Guillemot
(2, 3)
,
Nicolas Martin-StPaul
(4)
,
Arsène Druel
(4)
,
Simon Bilodeau-Gauthier
(5)
,
Jürgen Bauhus
(6)
,
Charlotte Grossiord
(7)
,
Andrew Hector
(8)
,
Hervé Jactel
(9)
,
Joel Jensen
(10)
,
Christian Messier
(11)
,
Bart Muys
(12)
,
Hernán Serrano-León
(6)
,
Harald Auge
(13)
,
Nadia Barsoum
(14)
,
Emiru Birhane
(15)
,
Helge Bruelheide
(16)
,
Jeannine Cavender-Bares
(17)
,
Chengjin Chu
(18)
,
Jonathan Cumming
(19)
,
Abebe Damtew
(20)
,
Nico Eisenhauer
(16)
,
Olga Ferlian
(16)
,
Sebastian Fiedler
(21)
,
Gislene Ganade
(22)
,
Douglas Godbold
(23)
,
Dominique Gravel
(24)
,
Jefferson Hall
(25)
,
Dirk Hölscher
(21)
,
Kristin Hulvey
(26)
,
Julia Koricheva
(27)
,
Holger Kreft
(21)
,
Cathleen Lapadat
(17)
,
Jingjing Liang
(28)
,
Xiaojuan Liu
(29)
,
Céline Meredieu
(9)
,
Simone Mereu
(17)
,
Rebecca Montgomery
(17)
,
Lourdes Morillas
(30)
,
Charles Nock
(31)
,
Alain Paquette
(32)
,
John Parker
(33)
,
William Parker
(34)
,
Gustavo Paterno
(21)
,
Michael Perring
(35)
,
Quentin Ponette
(36)
,
Catherine Potvin
(37)
,
Peter Reich
(17)
,
James Rentch
(38)
,
Boris Rewald
(23)
,
Hans Sandén
(23)
,
Katherine Sinacore
(25)
,
Rachel Standish
(39)
,
Artur Stefanski
(17)
,
Patrick Tobin
(40)
,
Michiel van Breugel
(41)
,
Marina Vergara Fagundes
(22)
,
Martin Weih
(42)
,
Laura Williams
(17)
,
Mo Zhou
(28)
,
Michael Scherer-Lorenzen
(6)
,
Kris Verheyen
(43)
,
Lander Baeten
(43)
1
UGENT -
Universiteit Gent = Ghent University
2 UMR Eco&Sols - Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes
3 USP - Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo
4 URFM - Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes
5 Ministère des Ressources naturelles du Québec
6 University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
7 EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
8 University of Oxford
9 BioGeCo - Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés
10 Uppsala University
11 Département de Sciences Biologiques [Montreal]
12 LPI - KU Leuven Plant Institute
13 UFZ - Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
14 Alice Holt Lodge
15 NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences
16 iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research
17 UMN - University of Minnesota [Twin Cities]
18 SYSU - Sun Yat-sen University [Guangzhou]
19 University of Maryland System
20 Mekelle University
21 CBL - Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen]
22 UFRN - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal]
23 BOKU - Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche]
24 UdeS - Université de Sherbrooke
25 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
26 Logan Scott Consulting
27 University of London [London]
28 Purdue University [West Lafayette]
29 IB-CAS - Institute of Botany [Beijing]
30 Universidad de Sevilla = University of Seville
31 University of Alberta
32 UQAM - Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal
33 SERC - Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
34 Ontario Forest Research Institute
35 UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
36 UCL - Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain
37 Stewart Biology Building
38 West Virginia University [Morgantown]
39 Murdoch University
40 University of Washington [Seattle]
41 NUS - National University of Singapore
42 Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala]
43 University College Ghent
2 UMR Eco&Sols - Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes
3 USP - Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo
4 URFM - Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes
5 Ministère des Ressources naturelles du Québec
6 University of Freiburg [Freiburg]
7 EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
8 University of Oxford
9 BioGeCo - Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés
10 Uppsala University
11 Département de Sciences Biologiques [Montreal]
12 LPI - KU Leuven Plant Institute
13 UFZ - Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research
14 Alice Holt Lodge
15 NMBU - Norwegian University of Life Sciences
16 iDiv - German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research
17 UMN - University of Minnesota [Twin Cities]
18 SYSU - Sun Yat-sen University [Guangzhou]
19 University of Maryland System
20 Mekelle University
21 CBL - Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen]
22 UFRN - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal]
23 BOKU - Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche]
24 UdeS - Université de Sherbrooke
25 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
26 Logan Scott Consulting
27 University of London [London]
28 Purdue University [West Lafayette]
29 IB-CAS - Institute of Botany [Beijing]
30 Universidad de Sevilla = University of Seville
31 University of Alberta
32 UQAM - Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal
33 SERC - Smithsonian Environmental Research Center
34 Ontario Forest Research Institute
35 UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
36 UCL - Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain
37 Stewart Biology Building
38 West Virginia University [Morgantown]
39 Murdoch University
40 University of Washington [Seattle]
41 NUS - National University of Singapore
42 Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala]
43 University College Ghent
Haben Blondeel
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0001-9939-5994
Joannès Guillemot
- Fonction : Auteur
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Nicolas Martin-StPaul
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Charlotte Grossiord
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0002-9113-3671
- IdRef : 182390055
Hervé Jactel
- Fonction : Auteur
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- IdHAL : herve-jactel
Helge Bruelheide
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0003-3135-0356
Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1194876
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3375-9630
Chengjin Chu
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 800005
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0606-449X
Jefferson Hall
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 799021
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4761-9268
Kristin Hulvey
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1372687
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9062-4113
Julia Koricheva
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1174332
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9033-0171
Xiaojuan Liu
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1312392
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9292-4432
Céline Meredieu
- Fonction : Auteur
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- IdHAL : celine-meredieu
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2950-2253
- IdRef : 169001776
Alain Paquette
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0003-1048-9674
Michael Perring
- Fonction : Auteur
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- ORCID : 0000-0001-8553-4893
Boris Rewald
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 736329
- IdHAL : boris-rewald
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8098-0616
Patrick Tobin
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1372688
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0237-7963
Marina Vergara Fagundes
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1372689
- ORCID : 0000-0002-9358-9488
Laura Williams
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 1372690
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3555-4778
Kris Verheyen
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 769858
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2067-9108
- IdRef : 223738190
Lander Baeten
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 775072
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4262-9221
Résumé
Enhancing tree diversity may be important to fostering resilience to drought‐related climate extremes. So far, little attention has been given to whether tree diversity can increase the survival of trees and reduce its variability in young forest plantations. We conducted an analysis of seedling and sapling survival from 34 globally distributed tree diversity experiments (363,167 trees, 168 species, 3744 plots, 7 biomes) to answer two questions: (1) Do drought and tree diversity alter the mean and variability in plot‐level tree survival, with higher and less variable survival as diversity increases? and (2) Do species that survive poorly in monocultures survive better in mixtures and do specific functional traits explain monoculture survival? Tree species richness reduced variability in plot‐level survival, while functional diversity (Rao's Q entropy) increased survival and also reduced its variability. Importantly, the reduction in survival variability became stronger as drought severity increased. We found that species with low survival in monocultures survived comparatively better in mixtures when under drought. Species survival in monoculture was positively associated with drought resistance (indicated by hydraulic traits such as turgor loss point), plant height and conservative resource‐acquisition traits (e.g. low leaf nitrogen concentration and small leaf size). Synthesis. The findings highlight: (1) The effectiveness of tree diversity for decreasing the variability in seedling and sapling survival under drought; and (2) the importance of drought resistance and associated traits to explain altered tree species survival in response to tree diversity and drought. From an ecological perspective, we recommend mixing be considered to stabilize tree survival, particularly when functionally diverse forests with drought‐resistant species also promote high survival of drought‐sensitive species.