Exploring mercury detoxification in fish: the role of selenium from tuna byproduct diets for sustainable aquaculture
Résumé
Exposure to mercury (Hg) through fish consumption poses significant environmental and public health risks, given its status as one of the top ten hazardous chemicals. Aquaculture is expanding, driving a surge in demand for sustainable aquafeeds. Tuna byproducts, which are rich in protein, offer potential for aquafeed production, yet their use is challenged by the high content of heavy metals, particularly Hg. However, these byproducts also contain elevated levels of selenium (Se), which may counteract Hg adverse effects. This study examines the fate of dietary Hg and Se in an aquaculture model fish. Biomolecular speciation analyses through hyphenated analytical approaches were conducted on the water-soluble protein fraction of key organs of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to various combinations of Hg and Se species, including diets containing tuna byproducts, over a six-month period. The findings shed light on the dynamics of Hg and Se compounds in fish revealing potential Hg detoxification mechanisms through complexation with Hg-biomolecules, such as cysteine, glutathione, and metallothionein. Furthermore, the trophic transfer of selenoneine is demonstrated, revealing novel opportunities for sustainable aquafeed production. Understanding the interactions between Hg and Se in aquaculture systems is crucial for optimizing feed formulations and mitigating environmental risks. This research contributes to the broader goal of advancing sustainable practices in aquaculture while addressing food security challenges. Environmental implication Exposure to mercury through fish consumption poses significant environmental and public health risks, as mercury ranks among the top ten hazardous chemicals. However, the metabolic pathways of mercury in biota remain incompletely understood. This study offers groundbreaking insights into the molecular-level fate of mercury in fish, revealing potential detoxification mechanisms involving its binding to low molecular weight compounds. Understanding the interaction between mercury and selenium presented in this research is crucial for optimizing feed formulations. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of utilizing tuna byproducts to foster sustainable aquaculture practices, addressing pressing environmental and food security challenges.
Domaines
ChimieOrigine | Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s) |
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