Odorant metabolizing enzymes (OME) participate in the olfactory signal by controlling odorants availability in the peri-receptor environment of the olfactory epithelium (OE). OMEs biotransform or inactivate the odorant molecule through two metabolic phases in order to contribute or terminate the odorous signal. The newborn rabbit constitutes a good model to study odor perception. At birth, rabbit pups rely on an odorant molecule found in their mother’s milk, the 2-methylbut-2-enal - known as the mammary pheromone (MP), in order to locate the nipples to suckle. At weaning age, the rabbit pups are not anymore responsive to the MP. In vitro, glutathione transferases (GST), phase II OME, conjugate the MP with glutathione in order to form a MP-glutathione conjugate. GST conjugation activity toward the MP is the highest with the GST class P1. The inhibition of the MP nasal metabolism, through nasal mucus washing or the addition of an odorant-competitor to GSTs, lowers its detection threshold in rabbit pups as a result of a higher availability of the MP for their receptors. Our objective was to cellular and molecular characterization of GSTs in the olfactory epithelium of newborn and weaned rabbits. In the OE, GSTA1 (ARNm and protein) was found to be particularly expressed in Bowman’s Glands that secret the olfactory mucus. Previous studies have shown that GSTA1 is present in the nasal mucus of newborn rabbits. GSTA1 mRNA were almost 2 times more expressed in the OE of weaned rabbits compared to newborn. (p-value=0.011). A Significant protein upregulation in GSTA1 was also shown in weaned rabbits’ OE (p-value=0.001, CTRL=0.37±0.14, Weaned=1.13±0.32), with the generation of two consistent subunits at 27KDa and 29KDa. GSTA1 lower expression in newborn rabbits OE compared to weaned suggests a particular involvement of this enzyme at birth. In the OE, GSTP1 was found to be expressed in the sustentacular cells (ARNm and protein). GSTP1 proteins were surprisely located in the nucleus part of the cells. GSTP1 mRNA were 50% upregulated in the OE of newborn rabbits following MP exposure at 10-5 g/ml (p-value=0.026) and almost doubled at 10-2g/ml (p-value＜0.001). Significant protein upregulation in GSTP1 was also shown in the OE of newborn rabbits exposed to the MP at 10-2 g/ml (p-value= 0.031, CTRL=0.78±0.08 vs MP-2=1.022±0.19). GSTP1 regulation in the OE suggests a high capacity of this enzyme to adapt its expression in order to process the MP with the best efficiency. All together, these molecular and cellular results support the interest in investigating the role of OME in olfactory perception, including vital olfactory signals active on behavior such as the MP.