Is there a future for experimental animal research in Europe?
Résumé
Research involving experiments with animals is increasingly questioned by society. In 2021, the European Parliament asked the European Commission to “Develop plans and actions to accelerate the transition to innovation without the use of animals in research, regulatory testing and education”. The resolution was adopted with 664 votes in favor, 4 against, and 16 abstentions. In February 2022, The European Commission responded that “The legal obligation to replace the use of animals when new non-animal methods become available is firmly embedded in EU legislation, providing a step-wise approach as science advances”. The Commission also indicated that it is impossible to predict when these new methods become available and that non-animal alternatives are most efficiently developed in clearly defined contexts of use. Later that year, a European Citizens’ Initiative was launched asking the European Commission to “Modernize science in the EU” and to “Commit to a legislative proposal plotting a roadmap to phase-out all animal testing in the EU before the end of the current legislative term”. The initiative collected more than one million signatories (from at least seven EU countries with a threshold for each country), which means that the European Commission has to consider it and a formal reply from the Commission is expected by July 2023.
The “legal obligation to replace the use of animals when new non-animal methods become available” and the “clearly defined contexts of use” means that we, as an animal science community are not only concerned by, but also have a responsibility on how research on livestock production will be done in the future. This includes the development and training of future generations of animal scientists on using alternative methods (such as in vitro methods and computer modeling), and in engaging in an open and constructive debate with legislators and society. It also means that the data that we have generated in the past and that we generate now from animal experiments will have a great scientific value in the future. Open Data will allow us to bring new life in old data.